Micromagnetics of rare-earth efficient permanent magnets

The development of permanent magnets containing less or no rare-earth elements is linked to profound knowledge of the coercivity mechanism. Prerequisites for a promising permanent magnet material are a high spontaneous magnetization and a sufficiently high magnetic anisotropy. In addition to the int...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of physics. D, Applied physics Applied physics, 2018-04, Vol.51 (19), p.193002
Main Authors: Fischbacher, Johann, Kovacs, Alexander, Gusenbauer, Markus, Oezelt, Harald, Exl, Lukas, Bance, Simon, Schrefl, Thomas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
micromagnetics
permanent magnets
rare earth
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Summary:The development of permanent magnets containing less or no rare-earth elements is linked to profound knowledge of the coercivity mechanism. Prerequisites for a promising permanent magnet material are a high spontaneous magnetization and a sufficiently high magnetic anisotropy. In addition to the intrinsic magnetic properties the microstructure of the magnet plays a significant role in establishing coercivity. The influence of the microstructure on coercivity, remanence, and energy density product can be understood by using micromagnetic simulations. With advances in computer hardware and numerical methods, hysteresis curves of magnets can be computed quickly so that the simulations can readily provide guidance for the development of permanent magnets. The potential of rare-earth reduced and rare-earth free permanent magnets is investigated using micromagnetic simulations. The results show excellent hard magnetic properties can be achieved in grain boundary engineered NdFeB, rare-earth magnets with a ThMn12 structure, Co-based nano-wires, and L10-FeNi provided that the magnet's microstructure is optimized.
ISSN:0022-3727
1361-6463
DOI:10.1088/1361-6463/aab7d1