Channel capacity and quantum entanglement of autofocusing hypergeometric-Gaussian beams through non-Kolmogorov turbulence

• Published in: Physica scripta 2023-03, Vol.98 (3), p.35101
• Main Authors: Bao, Xiangjiang, Zhu, Yun, Wang, Jicheng, Hu, Zheng-Da
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: atmospheric turbulence; channel capacity; entanglement; non-kolmogorov condition; orbital angular momentum
• ISSN: 0031-8949; 1402-4896
• DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/acb328

We establish propagation models for distributing autofocusing hypergeometric-Gaussian (HyGG) beams via non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence in the single-photon and biphoton cases. Analytical expressions of the channel capacity and entanglement are employed to explore the communication performance in turbulence. It can be demonstrated that in the single-photon case, a lower hollowness parameter and larger topological charge could contribute to the anti-interference ability of HyGG beams. Such an anti-interference ability could be affected by the autofocusing distance more severely for beams with larger topological charges. In addition, the channel capacity of beams at a certain distance decays rapidly at first before it grows steadily with the increase in the power-law exponent of the non-Kolmogorov spectrum. For the biphoton case, the higher hollowness parameter, larger power-law exponent of the non-Kolmogorov spectrum and larger topological charge make HyGG beams maintain a high concurrence at longer distances. We believe that our results could serve as a reference for improving the quality of orbital-angular-momentum communication of HyGG beams via atmospheric turbulence.