“法” 的詞綴功能及其語義結構分析 / Affixal Function of "Fa" and Related Semantic Structures

• Published in: Journal of oriental studies (Hong Kong) 2009-11, Vol.42 (1/2), p.203-212
• Main Authors: 方環海, 沈思芹, Fang Huanhai, Shen Siqin
• Format: Article
• Language: Chinese
• ISSN: 0022-331X

通過考察 “V法” 結構的共時形態表現， 將 “V法” 結構的語義關係分為實詞語義組合、 實一虛語義組合、 虛化語義組合等三種類型， 前兩種語義結構都具有極強的可類推性， 其中第一種語義結構類型中的 “V” 與 “法” 都是實語素， 構成整個結構的意義； 第二種語義結構類型中 “法" 語義開始虛化， 具有類詞綴性， 第三種語義結構內部的語義關係模糊， “法” 已經成為構詞詞綴語素， 可見三種 “V法” 結構在語義和語法組合上的差異性顯示了歷時因素對共時語言系統的一定的制約作用， 也決定了共時層面上形式相同的 “V法” 結構存在差異， 同時 “V法” 結構的演變具有連續統的性質， 這與共時層面的 “V法” 結構之間也存在過渡狀態相一致， 反映了語言發展的漸變性。 Abstract This paper investigates the "V+fa 法" structure and its related semantic structures in Chinese, dividing the structures into three special categories, namely content meanings, content-functional meanings and functional meanings. In the first category, "V" and "fa" are content morphemes. In the second category, "V" is contentual and "fa" is functional, and in the third category, "V" and "fa" are both functional, with "fa" assuming an affixal character. The difference between the three structures represents the effect of diachronic factors on the linguistic synchronic system. Meanwhile, we can conclude that the evolution of the "V+fa" structure is still continuing, and clear