Personne et sacré chez Durkheim

Durkheim thought that the development of modern societies necessarily implied the development of a new sacred: the human individual. He linked this development to the disappearance of traditional religions, giving way to a "cult of Man". Here is thereby attempted a sociological demonstrati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives de sciences sociales des religions 1990-01, Vol.35 (69), p.41-53
Main Author: Filloux, Jean-Claude
Format: Article
Language:fre
Subjects:
Relire Durkheim
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Summary:Durkheim thought that the development of modern societies necessarily implied the development of a new sacred: the human individual. He linked this development to the disappearance of traditional religions, giving way to a "cult of Man". Here is thereby attempted a sociological demonstration of "individualism" as a philosophy of the Rights of Man, which raises the question to the level of its place in the system elaborated by Durkheim: how can the notion of a "sacred thing" be applied to the human individual; what is the relationship between this new "religion of humanity" and the general theory of the sacred and religion; what consequences can thus be drawn from the standpoint of the initial project intended by Durkheim to reconcile individualism and socialism. This aspect of durkheimian thinking, ill-explored, should also be evaluated in terms of the thesis which evokes the concrete possibility, not only of both a "sympathetic" and "distanced" attitude towards the individual perceived "in abstracto", but the emergence of a society founded on the religion of the individual. References are made to major texts concerning individualism and its social and political translations, as well as Durkheim's position during the Dreyfus affaire.
ISSN:0335-5985