Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Pruno-Fraxinetum in der Tschechischen Sozialistischen Republik

• Published in: Folia geobotanica & phytotaxonomica 1979, Vol.14 (2), p.145-166
• Main Author: Neuhauslova-Novotna, Z
• Format: Article
• Language: ger
• ISSN: 0015-5551; 1573-1170
• DOI: 10.1007/BF02854609

Der Beitrag bringt Resultate syntaxonomisch-synökologischer Forschungen planarer Erlen-Eschenwälder (Pruno-Fraxinetum Oberd. 1953), die Gleyböden mit langsam bewegtem Grundwasser bestocken. Im westlichen Teil der Tschechoslowakei wurden drei Subassoziationen unterschieden: 1. Pruno-Fraxinetum filipenduletosum Mik. 1963 - der feuchteste Flügel der Assoziation auf Nassgley mit hochanstehendem Grundwasser, 2. Pruno-Fraxinetum typicum Oberd. 1957 - die vorherrschende Ausbildung der Assoziation auf von Zeit zu Zeit oberflächlich schwach abtrocknendem Braunerde- oder typischem Gley, 3. Pruno-Fraxinetum listeretosum Mik. 1963 auf karbonathaltigen Gleyböden im Kontakt mit Eichen-Hainbuchenwäldern. /// This paper includes the results of phytocoenological and ecological research into Pruno-Fraxinetum Oberdorfer 1953 in the Czech Lands. This association represents lowland alder-ash alluvial forest, occuring on gley soils with slowly moving groundwater. In the area studied three subassociations were distinguished: 1. Pruno-Fraxinetum filipenduletosum Mikyška 1963 (differential species: Filipendula ulmaria, Carex acutiformis, Caltha palustris ssp. palustris, Iris pseudacorus, Lycopus europaeus, Ribes nigrum, Carex elongata, C. rostrata, Scutellaria galericulata, Lythrum salicaria bzw. Calliergon cordifolium and Climacium dendroides) - the most hygrophilous form of the association on nassgleys (rarely typical gleys) with high groundwater. The yearly flooded soils are wet to temporarily water-logged, in the dry season moist. 2. Pruno-Fraxinetum typicum Oberdorfer 1957 (lacking differential species) - the most distributed form of the association occuring on braunerde-gleys or typical gleys on the periphery of large alluvial plains, with relatively deep groundwater, not yet inondated. In sommer the soils become dry a little on the surface. 3. Pruno-Fraxinetum listeretosum Mikyška 1963 (differential species: Listera ovata, Arum maculatum, Acer pseudoplatanus, localy also Cornus sanguinea, Daphne mezereum event. Tilia platyphyllos, Galium schultesii, Isopyrum thalictroides, Viola mirabilis) - a community occuring on gley soils (typical, braunerde- or anmoor-gleys) in contact with oak-hornbeam forests. The geographical distribution and an economic evaluation of Pruno-Fraxinetum is discussed and a brief comparison is made with analogous Middle European alluvial forests.