Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) habitat overlap with wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in natural streams: do habitat and landscape factors override competitive interactions?

The purpose of this study was to update rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) invasion status, delineate factors that increase the invasion probability, and quantify habitat overlap between invasive rainbow trout and native Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) on Princ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Canadian journal of fisheries and aquatic sciences 2018, Vol.75 (11), p.1949-1959
Main Authors: Roloson, Scott D, Knysh, Kyle M, Coffin, Michael R.S, Gormley, Karen L, Pater, Christina C, van den Heuvel, Michael R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural land
Ecological effects
Fish
Fish populations
Habitats
Introduced species
Invasive fish
Land use
Landscape
Natural streams
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Polls & surveys
Populations
Salmo salar
Salmon
Salvelinus fontinalis
Substrates
Trout
Watersheds
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Summary:The purpose of this study was to update rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) invasion status, delineate factors that increase the invasion probability, and quantify habitat overlap between invasive rainbow trout and native Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) on Prince Edward Island, Canada. Analysis of landscape-level variables in 26 watersheds (14 with and 12 without rainbow trout) demonstrated that watershed slope, percent agricultural land use, and distance to the nearest rainbow trout population significantly increased the probability of rainbow trout establishment. Two independent reach-level fish community surveys were conducted by electrofishing in combination with habitat surveys. Reaches with rainbow trout had higher stream slope, Atlantic salmon were found in wider reaches with larger substrate, and brook trout were typically dominant in headwater reaches with finer substrate. Findings at multiple ecological scales illustrated that rainbow trout invasion success is positively influenced by the presence of high-slope habitat. Habitat separation of the three salmonid species indicates that competition with introduced rainbow trout may not be the most significant threat to native salmonid populations.
ISSN:0706-652X
1205-7533
DOI:10.1139/cjfas-2017-0342