Activated carbon from sewage sludge for removal of sodium diclofenac and nimesulide from aqueous solutions

Sludge based activated carbons (ACs) were used to remove selected pharmaceuticals such as diclofenac (DCF) and nimesulide (NM) from aqueous solutions. The powered sewage sludge was mixed with different proportions of ZnCl 2 . The mixture was pyrolyzed in a conventional oven using three different tem...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Korean journal of chemical engineering 2016, 33(11), 200, pp.3149-3161
Main Authors: dos Reis, Glaydson Simões, Bin Mahbub, Mohammad Khalid, Wilhelm, Michaela, Lima, Eder Claudio, Sampaio, Carlos Hoffmann, Saucier, Caroline, Pereira Dias, Silvio Luis
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activated carbon
Adsorbents
Adsorption
Aqueous solutions
Biotechnology
Catalysis
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Environmental Engineering
Hydrophobicity
Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering
Materials Science
Specific surface
Surface area
화학공학
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Summary:Sludge based activated carbons (ACs) were used to remove selected pharmaceuticals such as diclofenac (DCF) and nimesulide (NM) from aqueous solutions. The powered sewage sludge was mixed with different proportions of ZnCl 2 . The mixture was pyrolyzed in a conventional oven using three different temperatures under inert atmosphere. Afterwards, in order to increase the specific surface area and uptake capacity the carbonized materials were acidified with 6mol L −1 HCl under reflux at 80 °C for 3 hours. The characterization of ACs was achieved by scanning electron microscopy, FTIR, TGA, hydrophobicity index by water, n-heptane vapor adsorption and nitrogen adsorption/desorption curves. The specific surface area (S BET ) of adsorbents varied between 21.2 and 679.3m 2 g −1 . According to the water and n-heptane analysis data all ACs had hydrophobic surface. Experimental variables such as pH, mass of adsorbent and temperature on the adsorption capacities were studied. The optimum pH, mass of adsorbent and temperature for adsorption of DCF and NM onto ACs were found to be 7.0 (DCF) and 10.0 (NM), 30mg and 25 °C, respectively. The kinetic adsorption was investigated using general-order, pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models, while the general-order model described the adsorption process most suitably. The maximum amounts of DCF and NM adsorbed were 156.7 and 66.4mg g −1 for sample 1(500-15-0.5), respectively.
ISSN:0256-1115
1975-7220
DOI:10.1007/s11814-016-0194-3