Transistor‐Based Work‐Function Measurement of Metal–Organic Frameworks for Ultra‐Low‐Power, Rationally Designed Chemical Sensors

A classic challenge in chemical sensing is selectivity. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are an exciting class of materials because they can be tuned for selective chemical adsorption. Adsorption events trigger work‐function shifts, which can be detected with a chemical‐sensitive field‐effect transis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemistry : a European journal 2019-10, Vol.25 (57), p.13176-13183
Main Authors: Gardner, David W., Gao, Xiang, Fahad, Hossain M., Yang, An‐Ting, He, Sam, Javey, Ali, Carraro, Carlo, Maboudian, Roya
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorption
Chemical perception
Chemical sensors
Chemistry
Chemoreception
Detection
electronic structure
gas sensing
Metal-organic frameworks
Metals
Nitrogen dioxide
Organic chemistry
Selectivity
Semiconductor devices
sensors
surface chemistry
Transistors
x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
XPS
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Summary:A classic challenge in chemical sensing is selectivity. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are an exciting class of materials because they can be tuned for selective chemical adsorption. Adsorption events trigger work‐function shifts, which can be detected with a chemical‐sensitive field‐effect transistor (power ≈microwatts). In this work, several case studies were used towards generalizing the sensing mechanism, ultimately towards our metal‐centric hypothesis. HKUST‐1 was used as a proof‐of‐principle humidity sensor. The response is thickness independent, meaning the response is surface localized. ZIF‐8 is demonstrated to be an NO2‐sensing material, and the response is dominated by adsorption at metal sites. Finally, MFM‐300(In) shows how standard hard–soft acid–base theory can be used to qualitatively predict sensor responses. This paper sets the groundwork for using the tunability of metal–organic frameworks for chemical sensing with distributed, scalable devices. Several well‐characterized MOFs were integrated with a chemical‐sensitive field‐effect transistor and their work‐function responses are explained by using a metal‐centric hypothesis. This paper sets the groundwork for using the tunability of metal–organic frameworks for chemical sensing with distributed, scalable devices.
ISSN:0947-6539
1521-3765
DOI:10.1002/chem.201902483