Shape and wobbling wave excitations in Josephson junctions: Exact solutions of the ( 2 + 1 ) -dimensional sine-Gordon model

We predict a class of excitations propagating along a Josephson vortex in two-dimensional Josephson junctions. These excitations are associated with the distortion of a Josephson vortex line of an arbitrary profile. We derive a universal analytical expression for the energy of arbitrary-shape excita...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials physics Condensed matter and materials physics, 2009-09, Vol.80 (9), Article 094509
Main Authors: Gulevich, D. R., Kusmartsev, F. V., Savel’ev, Sergey, Yampol’skii, V. A., Nori, Franco
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
EXACT SOLUTIONS
EXCITATION
EXCITED STATES
JOSEPHSON EFFECT
JOSEPHSON JUNCTIONS
RELATIVITY THEORY
SHAPE
SINE-GORDON EQUATION
TWO-DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONS
VORTICES
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Summary:We predict a class of excitations propagating along a Josephson vortex in two-dimensional Josephson junctions. These excitations are associated with the distortion of a Josephson vortex line of an arbitrary profile. We derive a universal analytical expression for the energy of arbitrary-shape excitations, investigate their influence on the dynamics of a vortex line, and discuss conditions where such excitations can be created. Finally, we show that such excitations play the role of a clock for a relativistically-moving Josephson vortex and suggest an experiment to measure a time-dilation effect analogous to that in special relativity. The position of the shape excitation on a Josephson vortex acts like a 'minute hand' showing the time in the rest frame associated with the vortex. Remarkably, at some conditions, the shape wave can carry negative energy: a vortex with the shape excitation can have less energy than the same vortex without it.
ISSN:1098-0121
1550-235X
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevB.80.094509