Modeling solutions containing specific interactions

Strong specific intermolecular interactions generally lead to large deviations from solution ideality, which can be exploited for a variety of separation and reaction processes. Very often extractive distillations, liquid-liquid extractions, and supercritical extractions, especially with cosolvents,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Accounts of chemical research 1993-12, Vol.26 (12), p.621-627
Main Authors: Eckert, Charles A, Bergmann, Diane L, Tomasko, David L, Ekart, Michael P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
400201 - Chemical & Physicochemical Properties
DISPERSIONS
INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
MIXTURES
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SOLUTIONS
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
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Summary:Strong specific intermolecular interactions generally lead to large deviations from solution ideality, which can be exploited for a variety of separation and reaction processes. Very often extractive distillations, liquid-liquid extractions, and supercritical extractions, especially with cosolvents, are designed so that these types of interactions give high specificity. One designs chromatograph columns and membranes precisely for specific interactions, and engineers exploit these interactions in a variety of other processes ranging from chelation to homogeneous catalysis. This account describes methods for characterizing mathematically the thermodynamics of solutions exhibiting strong interactions, including the more realistic chemical-physical type theories as well as the application of extrathermodynamic methods for the determination of model parameters. 74 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.
ISSN:0001-4842
1520-4898
DOI:10.1021/ar00036a003