The spin diffusion in normal and superfluid Fermi liquids

Spin diffusion in paramagnetic spin systems is a dissipative process that acts so as to remove all spatial variation of the magnetization. In normal and superfluid Fermi liquids its physical origin lies in the nonconservation property of the macroscopic magnetization current associated with the ther...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of low temperature physics 1991-09, Vol.84 (5-6), p.321-356
Main Author: EINZEL, D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
665420 - Superfluidity- (1992-)
665430 - Other Topics in Quantum Fluids & Solids- (1992-)
ANGULAR MOMENTUM
CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties
CURRENTS
ELECTRIC CURRENTS
Exact sciences and technology
FERMI GAS
FLUIDS
GASES
MAGNETIZATION
PARTICLE PROPERTIES
Physics
POLARIZATION
Quantum fluids and solids
liquid and solid helium
SPIN
SUPERFLUIDITY
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Summary:Spin diffusion in paramagnetic spin systems is a dissipative process that acts so as to remove all spatial variation of the magnetization. In normal and superfluid Fermi liquids its physical origin lies in the nonconservation property of the macroscopic magnetization current associated with the thermal excitations, the Landau and Bogolyubov quasi-particles, respectively. In the hydrodynamic limit, this dissipative process manifests itself in a constitutive relation connecting the decaying magnetization current with gradients in the magnetization density via a coefficient of spin diffusion. Exchange contributions to the quasi-particle interaction introduce, in addition, reactive processes, which can be associated with a rotation of the quasi-particle spin current about the direction of the spin polarization. This so-called spin current rotation - or Leggett-Rice effect - leads to nonhydrodynamic behavior of the spin diffusion whenever the exchange frequency becomes comparable to the inverse spin-current relaxation time. This article reviews the current understanding of diffusional spin transport, as influenced by nonhydrodynamic effects, in normal and superfluid Fermi systems.
ISSN:0022-2291
1573-7357
DOI:10.1007/BF00683524