Thermal decomposition of energetic materials 58. Chemistry of ammonium nitrate and ammonium dinitramide near the burning surface temperature

The rapid pyrolysis chemistry of films of ammonium nitrate (AN), NH 4NO 3, and ammonium dinitramide (ADN), NH 4 [N(NO 2) 2], at temperatures approximating a burning surface is described by the use of T-jump/Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The sequence of appearance and amounts af eac...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Combustion and flame 1993, Vol.92 (1), p.178-186
Main Authors: Brill, T.B., Brush, P.J., Patil, D.G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
400102 > Chemical & Spectral Procedures
AMIDES
AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS
AMMONIUM NITRATES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DECOMPOSITION
DISSOCIATION
ENERGY TRANSFER
EVAPORATION
FOURIER TRANSFORM SPECTROMETERS
HEAT TRANSFER
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INFRARED SPECTRA
INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
NITRATES
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN OXIDES
NITROUS OXIDE
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
PYROLYSIS
SPECTRA
SPECTROMETERS
SUBLIMATION
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES 400800 > Combustion, Pyrolysis, & High-Temperature Chemistry
WATER
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Summary:The rapid pyrolysis chemistry of films of ammonium nitrate (AN), NH 4NO 3, and ammonium dinitramide (ADN), NH 4 [N(NO 2) 2], at temperatures approximating a burning surface is described by the use of T-jump/Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The sequence of appearance and amounts af each gas product combined with the net endothermicity and exothermicity of the process at each time enables consistent reaction schemes to be developed. The decomposition of the condensed phase of AN is net endothermic up to at least 33 atm. Although dissociative sublimation and the formation of N 2O and H 2O dominate the overall process, the superposition of two additional reactions is needed to account for all of the products observed from AN. ADN becomes highly exothermic very early in the decomposition process. The superposition of two stoichiometric reaction branches explains this behavior. The spectra and thermal responses are consistent with the reaction of NH 3, with NO 2 being the major source of heat released during the decomposition of AN above 33 atm and ADN at 1 atm and higher.
ISSN:0010-2180
1556-2921
DOI:10.1016/0010-2180(93)90206-I