Cytokine receptor profile of arthroplasty macrophages, foreign body giant cells and mature osteoclasts

• Published in: Acta orthopaedica 1999, Vol.70 (5), p.452-458
• Main Authors: Neale, Susan D, Athanasou, Nicholas A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Biological and medical sciences; Bone Neoplasms - immunology; Bone Neoplasms - pathology; Cell Differentiation; Equipment Failure Analysis; Female; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone - immunology; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone - pathology; Giant Cells, Foreign-Body - chemistry; Hip Joint; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Immunophenotyping; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects); Joint Capsule - chemistry; Joint Prosthesis; Knee Joint; Macrophages - chemistry; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Osteoarticular system. Muscles; Osteoclasts - chemistry; Osteolysis - etiology; Osteolysis - immunology; Osteolysis - pathology; Pathology. Cytology. Biochemistry. Spectrometry. Miscellaneous investigative techniques; Prosthesis Failure; Receptors, Cytokine - analysis; Receptors, Growth Factor - analysis; Reoperation
• ISSN: 1745-3674; 0001-6470; 1745-3682
• DOI: 10.3109/17453679909000980

In the arthroplasty pseudomembrane surrounding a loose prosthesis there is a marked macrophage and foreign body giant cell (FBGC) response to implant-derived wear particles. These cells contribute to the osteolysis of loosening by releasing cytokines and growth factors which influence the formation and activity of osteoclasts. Using a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed against known cytokine/growth factor receptors, we have determined by immunohis-tochemistry whether arthroplasty macrophages, FB-GCs and osteoclasts express receptors for cytokines and growth factors that are known to modulate osteolysis. All these cell types reacted with antibodies directed against the following cytokine/growth factor receptors: gp130, IL-1R type 1, IL-2R, IL-4R, IL-6R, TNFR, M-CSFR, GM-CSFR and SCFR but not with antibodies directed against IL-3R and IL-8R. Arthroplasty macrophages, FBGCs and osteoclasts thus show a similar pattern of cytokine/growth factor receptor expression. This reflects the fact that arthroplasty macrophages are capable of osteoclast differentiation and that these cell types form part of the mononuclear phagocyte system. As regards the osteolysis of aseptic loosening, it also indicates that these cells are targets for numerous cytokines and growth factors which influence osteoclast formation and bone resorption.