Implicit Bias and Contact: The Role of Interethnic Friendships

In 2 studies, the authors examined the role of interethnic friendship with African Americans or Latinos in predicting implicit and explicit biases against these groups. White participants completed the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, A. G., McGhee, D. E., & Schwartz, J. L. K., 1998),...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of social psychology 2004-06, Vol.144 (3), p.335-347
Main Authors: Aberson, Christopher L., Shoemaker, Carl, Tomolillo, Christina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
African Americans
Association Measures
Associations
Attitudes
Behavior
Bias
Biological and medical sciences
Black American people
contact
Control Groups
European Continental Ancestry Group
Female
Friendship
Friendships
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hispanic American people
Hispanic Americans
Humans
Hypotheses
implicit attitudes
Interethnic relationships
Interpersonal Relations
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Minority & ethnic groups
Multiculturalism & pluralism
Prejudice
Protective factors
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Race
Race Relations
Reaction Time
Selfreport measures
Social attribution, perception and cognition
Social Desirability
Social psychology
Students
United States
USA
Whites
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Summary:In 2 studies, the authors examined the role of interethnic friendship with African Americans or Latinos in predicting implicit and explicit biases against these groups. White participants completed the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, A. G., McGhee, D. E., & Schwartz, J. L. K., 1998), several self-report bias measures, and a friendship questionnaire. Participants with close friends who were members of the target group exhibited less implicit prejudice than participants without close friends from the target group. Friendship influenced only 2 of the 7 explicit measures, a result that likely stems from social desirability bias rather than truly nonprejudiced attitudes. Results support the importance of contact, particularly interethnic friendship, in improving intergroup attitudes.
ISSN:0022-4545
1940-1183
DOI:10.3200/SOCP.144.3.335-347