Characterization of an Automated, Water-Based Expansion Condensation Nucleus Counter for Ultrafine Particles

The design and experimental characterization of a condensation nucleus counter (CNC) is presented. The counter produces supersaturation by means of fast volume-controlled adiabatic expansion. The aerosol number concentration is derived from observing scattered laser light in the forward direction un...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Aerosol science and technology 2005-12, Vol.39 (12), p.1174-1183
Main Authors: Kürten, Andreas, Curtius, Joachim, Nillius, Björn, Borrmann, Stephan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerosols
Atoms & subatomic particles
Automation
Chemistry
Colloidal state and disperse state
Condensation
Exact sciences and technology
General and physical chemistry
Water
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Summary:The design and experimental characterization of a condensation nucleus counter (CNC) is presented. The counter produces supersaturation by means of fast volume-controlled adiabatic expansion. The aerosol number concentration is derived from observing scattered laser light in the forward direction under a solid angle between 1.1° and 4.4° over the full annular sector. The number concentration is derived by application of Mie theory from the characteristic pattern in the temporal evolution of the detected signal during the droplet growth process. The equation for calculation of the aerosol number density by this method is presented. Theoretical considerations for the smallest aerosol particles that can be activated indicate a lower size cut-off between 2.5 and 3.0 nm. Model calculations of the expected Mie scatter signal during expansion agree very well with the experimental observations. The Expansion-CNC can be operated fully automated under computer (PC) control in 10-second sample cycles. For characterization it is compared with a TSI 3025A Ultrafine-CPC (TSI UCPC) for measurements of monodisperse sodium chloride and sulfuric acid aerosol particles, indicating good agreement between the two counters down to particle sizes as low as 3.5 nm under laboratory conditions. In addition, ambient aerosol measurements in urban air show excellent agreement with simultaneous TSI UCPC measurements for particle number concentrations ranging from roughly 50 cm − 3 to 130000 cm − 3 .
ISSN:0278-6826
1521-7388
DOI:10.1080/02786820500431355