Mineralization of surfactants by the microbiota of submerged plant detritus

• Published in: Applied and Environmental Microbiology 1990-02, Vol.56 (2), p.333-339
• Main Authors: Federle, T.W. (Procter and Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH), Ventullo, R.M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: aquatic bacteria; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; bacteria; BIODEGRADATION; Biological and medical sciences; Biological treatment of sewage sludges and wastes; Biotechnology; CARBON 14 COMPOUNDS; CARBON COMPOUNDS; CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBON OXIDES; CHALCOGENIDES; CHEMICAL REACTIONS; DECOMPOSITION; DEGRADATION; DEGRADATION MICROBIENNE; detergents; DETERIORO; DETERIORO MICROBIANO; DETRITUS; ECOSYSTEMS; Environment and pollution; ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; epiphytes; Freshwater; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General Microbial Ecology; HOJARASCA; Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects; inland water environment; ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS; LABELLED COMPOUNDS; LEAVES; LITIERE VEGETALE; MICROORGANISMS; MINERALISATION; MINERALIZACION; MINERALIZATION; OXIDES; OXYGEN COMPOUNDS 540311 > Environment, Aquatic-- Basic Studies-- Radiometric Techniques-- (1990-); REMOVAL; SURFACE WATERS; SURFACTANT; SURFACTANTES; SURFACTANTS; TRACER TECHNIQUES; WETLANDS
• ISSN: 0099-2240; 1098-5336
• DOI: 10.1128/aem.56.2.333-339.1990

In wetlands and canopied bodies of water, plant detritus is an important source of carbon and energy. Detrital materials possess a large surface area for sorption of dissolved organics and are colonized by a large and diverse microbiota. To examine the biodegradation of surfactants by these microorganisms, submerged oak leaves were obtained from a laundromat wastewater pond, its overflow, and a pristine control pond. Leaves were cut into disks and incubated in sterile water amended with 50 micrograms of 14C-labeled linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), linear alcohol ethoxylate, stearyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyldimethyl ammonium chloride, benzoic acid, or mixed amino acids per liter. Sorption of the test compounds to the detritus and evolution of 14CO2 were followed with time. All of the compounds sorbed to the detritus to various degrees, with LAS and stearyltrimethyl ammonium chloride the most sorptive and benzoic acid the least. All compounds were mineralized without a lag. With leaves from the laudromat wastewater pond, half-lives were 12.6 days for LAS, 8.4 days for linear alcohol ethoxylate, 14.2 days for stearyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, 1.0 days for benzoic acid, and 2.7 days for mixed amino acids. Mineralization of LAS and linear alcohol ethoxylate by control pond leaves was slower and exhibited an S-shaped rather than a typical first-order pattern. This study shows that detritus represents a significant site of surfactant removal in detritus-rich systems