The burden of selected chronic non-communicable diseases and their risk factors in Malawi: nationwide STEPS survey

Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are becoming significant causes of morbidity and mortality, particularly in sub-Saharan African countries, although local, high-quality data to inform evidence-based policies are lacking. To determine the magnitude of NCDs and their risk factors in Malawi. Us...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2011-05, Vol.6 (5), p.e20316-e20316
Main Authors: Msyamboza, Kelias P, Ngwira, Bagrey, Dzowela, Titha, Mvula, Chimwemwe, Kathyola, Damson, Harries, Anthony D, Bowie, Cameron
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Adults
Age
Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology
Alcohol use
Alcohols
Anthropometry
Blood
Blood cholesterol
Blood glucose
Blood pressure
Body weight
Cholesterol
Cholesterol - blood
Cholesterol tests
Chronic diseases
Chronic illnesses
Communicable diseases
Cross-Sectional Studies
Data Collection
Demographics
Developing countries
Diabetes
Disease prevention
Drinking behavior
Epidemiology
Fasting
Females
Health aspects
Health risk assessment
Health risks
Households
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension - epidemiology
LDCs
Malawi - epidemiology
Males
Medicine
Middle Aged
Morbidity
Mortality
Overweight
Overweight - epidemiology
Physical activity
Planning
Population
Response rates
Risk analysis
Risk Factors
Risk taking
Rural areas
Rural Population - statistics & numerical data
Sedentary Lifestyle
Sex differences
Smoking
Smoking - epidemiology
Stroke
Sugar
Tobacco
Tobacco smoking
Tuberculosis
Urban areas
Urban Population - statistics & numerical data
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Summary:Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are becoming significant causes of morbidity and mortality, particularly in sub-Saharan African countries, although local, high-quality data to inform evidence-based policies are lacking. To determine the magnitude of NCDs and their risk factors in Malawi. Using the WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance, a population-based, nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted between July and September 2009 on participants aged 25-64 years. Socio-demographic and behaviour risk factors were collected in Step 1. Physical anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were documented in Step 2. Blood cholesterol and fasting blood glucose were measured in Step 3. A total of 5,206 adults (67% females) were surveyed. Tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking and raised blood pressure (BP) were more frequent in males than females, 25% vs 3%, 30% vs 4% and 37% vs 29%. Overweight, physical inactivity and raised cholesterol were more common in females than males, 28% vs 16%, 13% vs 6% and 11% vs 6%. Tobacco smoking was more common in rural than urban areas 11% vs 7%, and overweight and physical inactivity more common in urban than rural areas 39% vs 22% and 24% vs 9%, all with p
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0020316