Cisplatin-Induced Non-Oliguric Acute Kidney Injury in a Pediatric Experimental Animal Model in Piglets

• Published in: PloS one 2016-02, Vol.11 (2), p.e0149013
• Main Authors: Santiago, Maria José, Fernández, Sarah Nicole, Lázaro, Alberto, González, Rafael, Urbano, Javier, López, Jorge, Solana, Maria José, Toledo, Blanca, Del Castillo, Jimena, Tejedor, Alberto, López-Herce, Jesús
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acute kidney failure; Acute Kidney Injury - chemically induced; Acute Kidney Injury - therapy; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents - toxicity; Bicarbonates; Biology and Life Sciences; Carbonates; Childrens health; Cisplatin; Cisplatin - toxicity; Comparative analysis; Complications and side effects; Creatinine; Development and progression; Disease Models, Animal; Diuresis; Dosage and administration; Female; Hogs; Hospitals; Hypoxia; Injuries; Intensive care; Ischemia; Kidney - drug effects; Kidney - pathology; Kidney - physiopathology; Kidneys; Laboratories; Male; Medicine and Health Sciences; Morphology; Nephrology; Parameter estimation; Pediatrics; Phosphates; Physical Sciences; Potassium; Prospective Studies; Renal function; Renal Replacement Therapy; Research and Analysis Methods; Risk factors; Rodents; Sodium; Studies; Sus scrofa; Urea
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149013

To design an experimental pediatric animal model of acute kidney injury induced by cisplatin. Prospective comparative observational animal study in two different phases. Acute kidney injury was induced using three different doses of cisplatin (2, 3 and 5 mg/kg). The development of nephrotoxicity was assessed 2 to 4 days after cisplatin administration by estimating biochemical parameters, diuresis and renal morphology. Analytical values and renal morphology were compared between 15 piglets treated with cisplatin 3 mg/kg and 15 control piglets in the second phase of the study. 41 piglets were studied. The dose of 3 mg/kg administered 48 hours before the experience induced a significant increase in serum creatinine and urea without an increase in potassium levels. Piglets treated with cisplatin 3 mg/kg had significantly higher values of creatinine, urea, phosphate and amylase, less diuresis and lower values of potassium, sodium and bicarbonate than control piglets. Histological findings showed evidence of a dose-dependent increase in renal damage. a dose of 3 mg/kg of cisplatin induces a significant alteration in renal function 48 hours after its administration, so it can be used as a pediatric animal model of non-oliguric acute kidney injury.