Long-term prognostic impact of left ventricular remodeling after a first myocardial infarction in modern clinical practice

• Published in: PloS one 2017-11, Vol.12 (11), p.e0188884-e0188884
• Main Authors: Bauters, Christophe, Dubois, Emilie, Porouchani, Sina, Saloux, Eric, Fertin, Marie, de Groote, Pascal, Lamblin, Nicolas, Pinet, Florence
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Angiotensin; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; Beta blockers; Biology and Life Sciences; Cardiology and cardiovascular system; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Care and treatment; Cohort Studies; Complications and side effects; Coronary vessels; Death; Diagnosis; Echocardiography; Endpoint Determination; Enzyme inhibitors; Evidence-based medicine; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Health risks; Heart; Heart attack; Heart attacks; Heart diseases; Heart failure; Heart Failure - diagnostic imaging; Heart Failure - physiopathology; Hospitalization; Human health and pathology; Humans; Infarction; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Life Sciences; Male; Medical prognosis; Medicine and Health Sciences; Middle Aged; Mortality; Myocardial infarction; Myocardial Infarction - diagnostic imaging; Myocardial Infarction - physiopathology; Patients; Peptidyl-dipeptidase A; Practice Patterns, Physicians; Prevention; Prognosis; Remodeling; Research and Analysis Methods; Studies; Time Factors; Ultrasonic imaging; Ventricle; Ventricular Remodeling
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188884

The association of left ventricular remodeling (LVR) after myocardial infarction (MI) with the subsequent risk of heart failure (HF) and death has not been studied in patients receiving optimal secondary prevention. We performed a long-term clinical follow-up of patients included in 2 prospective multicentric studies on LVR after first anterior MI. At 1-year echocardiography, LVR (≥20% increase in end-diastolic volume from baseline to 1 year) occurred in 67/215 (31%) patients in cohort 1 and in 87/226 (38%) patients in cohort 2. The prescription rate of secondary prevention medications was very high (ß-blockers at 1 year: 90% and 95% for cohorts 1 and 2, respectively; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ACE-I/ARB) at 1 year: 93% and 97% for cohorts 1 and 2, respectively). Median clinical follow-up after LVR assessment was 11.0 years in cohort 1 and 7.8 years in cohort 2. In both cohorts, LVR patients had a progressive increase in the risk of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for HF (p = 0.0007 in cohort 1 and 0.009 in cohort 2) with unadjusted hazard ratios of 2.52 [1.45-4.36] and 2.52 [1.23-5.17], respectively. Similar results were obtained when cardiovascular death was considered as an isolated endpoint. After adjustement on baseline characteristics including ejection fraction, the association with the composite endpoint was unchanged. In a context of a modern therapeutic management with a large prescription of evidence-based medications, LVR remains independently associated with HF and cardiovascular death at long-term follow-up after MI.