Accelerated weight gain, prematurity, and the risk of childhood obesity: A meta-analysis and systematic review

The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was to analyze and evaluate the impact of prematurity and accelerated weight gain on the risk of childhood and adolescent obesity. CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched until December 2019 which yi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2020-05, Vol.15 (5), p.e0232238-e0232238
Main Authors: Ou-Yang, Mei-Chen, Sun, Yao, Liebowitz, Melissa, Chen, Chih-Cheng, Fang, Min-Lin, Dai, Weiwei, Chuang, Tang-Wei, Chen, Jyu-Lin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Anopheles
Biology and Life Sciences
Childhood
Childhood obesity
Children
Gestational age
Health care
Health care industry
Health risk assessment
Humans
Infant, Premature - growth & development
Infants
Medicine and Health Sciences
Meta-analysis
Obesity
Online databases
Pediatric Obesity - epidemiology
People and Places
Physical Sciences
Premature birth
Premature infants
Research and Analysis Methods
Risk
Risk factors
Small for gestational age
Studies
Weight
Weight Gain
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Summary:The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was to analyze and evaluate the impact of prematurity and accelerated weight gain on the risk of childhood and adolescent obesity. CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched until December 2019 which yielded 19 studies with a total of 169,439 children enrolled were systematically reviewed. The results revealed that preterm infants had a greater likelihood of childhood obesity (defined as BMI ≥95th percentile for age-sex), than term infants (OR = 1.19, 95% CI [1.13, 1.26]). However, no difference of childhood obesity was found between "small for gestational age"(SGA) and "appropriate for gestational age"(AGA) among preterms. Accelerated weight gain (defined as weight gain velocity during first two years after birth) significantly increased the likelihood of subsequent childhood obesity among preterms (aOR = 1.87, 95% CI [1.57, 2.231]). In conclusion, accelerated weight gain at infancy among preterm children may be a critical contributor to obesity in later life. Establishing optimal growth trajectories and timely referral to health care providers may be of clinical importance.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0232238