A novel chemotactic factor derived from the extracellular matrix protein decorin recruits mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro and in vivo

Soft tissue is composed of cells surrounded by an extracellular matrix that is made up of a diverse array of intricately organized proteins. These distinct components work in concert to maintain homeostasis and respond to tissue damage. During tissue repair, extracellular matrix proteins and their d...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2020-07, Vol.15 (7), p.e0235784-e0235784
Main Authors: Dempsey, Sandi Grainne, Miller, Christopher Hamilton, Schueler, Julia, Veale, Robert W. F, Day, Darren J, May, Barnaby C. H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Biology and Life Sciences
Biomaterials
Biomedical materials
Bone marrow
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell culture
Cell motility
Composition
Cytokines
Damage
Decorin
Degradation products
Extracellular matrix
Growth factors
Homeostasis
Laboratory animals
Macrophages
Matrix protein
Medicine and Health Sciences
Mesenchymal stem cells
Mesenchyme
Observations
Properties
Proteases
Proteins
Soft tissues
Stromal cells
Tissues
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Summary:Soft tissue is composed of cells surrounded by an extracellular matrix that is made up of a diverse array of intricately organized proteins. These distinct components work in concert to maintain homeostasis and respond to tissue damage. During tissue repair, extracellular matrix proteins and their degradation products are known to influence physiological processes such as angiogenesis and inflammation. In this study we developed a discovery platform using a decellularized extracellular matrix biomaterial to identify new chemotrophic factors derived from the extracellular matrix. An in vitro culture of RAW.264 macrophage cells with the biomaterial ovine forestomach matrix led to the identification of a novel ~12 kDa chemotactic factor, termed 'MayDay', derived from the N-terminal 31-188 sequence of decorin. The recombinant MayDay protein was shown to be a chemotactic agent for mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro and in vivo. We hypothesize that the macrophage-induced cleavage of decorin, via MMP-12, leads to the release of the chemotactic molecule MayDay, that in turn recruits cells to the site of damaged tissue.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0235784