Serologic and molecular evidence for circulation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks and cattle in Zambia

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne zoonosis with a high case fatality rate in humans. Although the disease is widely found in Africa, Europe, and Asia, the distribution and genetic diversity of CCHF virus (CCHFV) are poorly understood in African countries. To assess the risks of...

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Published in:PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2021-06, Vol.15 (6), p.e0009452-e0009452
Main Authors: Kajihara, Masahiro, Simuunza, Martin, Saasa, Ngonda, Dautu, George, Mori-Kajihara, Akina, Qiu, Yongjin, Nakao, Ryo, Eto, Yoshiki, Furumoto, Hayato, Hang’ombe, Bernard M., Orba, Yasuko, Sawa, Hirofumi, Simulundu, Edgar, Fukushi, Shuetsu, Morikawa, Shigeru, Saijo, Masayuki, Arikawa, Jiro, Kabilika, Swithine, Monze, Mwaka, Mukonka, Victor, Mweene, Aaron, Takada, Ayato, Yoshimatsu, Kumiko
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Annealing
Arachnids
Biology and Life Sciences
Cattle
Computer and Information Sciences
Crimean hemorrhagic fever
Disease transmission
Distribution
Epidemiology
Fever
Genetic aspects
Genetic diversity
Genetic variation
Genomes
Genotype
Haemorrhage
Health aspects
Hemorrhage
Identification and classification
Immunofluorescence
Immunoglobulin G
Infections
Infectious diseases
Laboratories
Medicine and health sciences
Methods
Microbiological strains
People and Places
Phylogeny
Risk assessment
RNA polymerase
Sentinel health events
Serum
Strains
Ticks
Transmission
Tropical diseases
Vertebrates
Veterinary medicine
Virus-vector relationships
Viruses
Zoonoses
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Description
Summary:Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne zoonosis with a high case fatality rate in humans. Although the disease is widely found in Africa, Europe, and Asia, the distribution and genetic diversity of CCHF virus (CCHFV) are poorly understood in African countries. To assess the risks of CCHF in Zambia, where CCHF has never been reported, epidemiologic studies in cattle and ticks were conducted. Through an indirect immunofluorescence assay, CCHFV nucleoprotein-specific serum IgG was detected in 8.4% (88/1,047) of cattle. Among 290 Hyalomma ticks, the principal vector of CCHFV, the viral genome was detected in 11 ticks. Phylogenetic analyses of the CCHFV S and M genome segments revealed that one of the detected viruses was a genetic reassortant between African and Asian strains. This study provides compelling evidence for the presence of CCHFV in Zambia and its transmission to vertebrate hosts.
ISSN:1935-2735
1935-2727
1935-2735
DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009452