PreprintMatch: A tool for preprint to publication detection shows global inequities in scientific publication

Preprints, versions of scientific manuscripts that precede peer review, are growing in popularity. They offer an opportunity to democratize and accelerate research, as they have no publication costs or a lengthy peer review process. Preprints are often later published in peer-reviewed venues, but th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2023-03, Vol.18 (3), p.e0281659
Main Authors: Eckmann, Peter, Bandrowski, Anita
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Biology and Life Sciences
Biomedical research
China
Computer and Information Sciences
Computer science
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Democratization
Demographic aspects
Developing countries
Disease transmission
Earth Sciences
Economic aspects
Funding
Health care disparities
Income
LDCs
Low income areas
Matching
Medical research
Metadata
Open access
Pandemics
Peer Review
Physics
Preprints
PubMed
Research and Analysis Methods
Scholarly communication
Science Policy
Servers
Social aspects
Social Sciences
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Summary:Preprints, versions of scientific manuscripts that precede peer review, are growing in popularity. They offer an opportunity to democratize and accelerate research, as they have no publication costs or a lengthy peer review process. Preprints are often later published in peer-reviewed venues, but these publications and the original preprints are frequently not linked in any way. To this end, we developed a tool, PreprintMatch, to find matches between preprints and their corresponding published papers, if they exist. This tool outperforms existing techniques to match preprints and papers, both on matching performance and speed. PreprintMatch was applied to search for matches between preprints (from bioRxiv and medRxiv), and PubMed. The preliminary nature of preprints offers a unique perspective into scientific projects at a relatively early stage, and with better matching between preprint and paper, we explored questions related to research inequity. We found that preprints from low income countries are published as peer-reviewed papers at a lower rate than high income countries (39.6% and 61.1%, respectively), and our data is consistent with previous work that cite a lack of resources, lack of stability, and policy choices to explain this discrepancy. Preprints from low income countries were also found to be published quicker (178 vs 203 days) and with less title, abstract, and author similarity to the published version compared to high income countries. Low income countries add more authors from the preprint to the published version than high income countries (0.42 authors vs 0.32, respectively), a practice that is significantly more frequent in China compared to similar countries. Finally, we find that some publishers publish work with authors from lower income countries more frequently than others.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0281659