Collateral assessment on magnetic resonance imaging/angiography up to 30 hours after stroke onset

• Published in: PloS one 2024-09, Vol.19 (9), p.e0309779
• Main Authors: Tomari, Shinya, Lillicrap, Thomas, Garcia-Esperon, Carlos, Tomari Kashida, Yumi, Bivard, Andrew, Lin, Longting, Levi, Christopher R, Spratt, Neil J
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analysis; Anastomosis; Angiography; Biology and Life Sciences; Blood vessels; Care and treatment; Cerebral Angiography - methods; Cerebral blood flow; Collateral Circulation; Computed tomography; Data collection; Diagnosis; Female; Humans; Ischemia; Magnetic resonance; Magnetic resonance angiography; Magnetic Resonance Angiography - methods; Magnetic resonance imaging; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods; Male; Medical imaging; Medicine and Health Sciences; Middle Aged; Occlusion; Patients; Perfusion; Physical Sciences; Posterior Cerebral Artery - diagnostic imaging; Prevention; Research and Analysis Methods; Retrospective Studies; Risk factors; Software; Statistical analysis; Stroke; Stroke (Disease); Stroke - diagnostic imaging; Surgical anastomosis; Time Factors; Variables; Veins & arteries
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309779

We aimed to validate hyperintense vessel sign (HVS) on FLAIR imaging or posterior cerebral artery (PCA) laterality on MR angiography beyond 4.5 hours after stroke onset. Data from acute ischemic stroke patients with internal carotid or middle cerebral artery occlusion who underwent CT perfusion imaging at baseline, follow-up MR perfusion imaging and angiography within 30 hours after stroke, without effective recanalization on follow-up imaging, were analysed retrospectively. Patients were separately classified as high or low HVS (>5 or ≤5 slices of HVS), and PCA laterality positive or negative group. We compared core and penumbra volumes at follow-up imaging and neurological outcomes between high or low HVS group, and between PCA laterality positive or negative group. Of 49 patients analyzed, four patients with artifacts were excluded and 45 were classified into high (n = 23) or low (n = 22) HVS group. High group had a smaller core volume (median 32 ml versus 109 ml, p = 0.004), larger penumbra volume at follow-up (68 ml versus 0 ml, p = 0.001), and better outcomes (modified Rankin Scale at three months, 3 versus 5, p = 0.03). For PCA laterality analysis, 1 patient with previously occluded PCA was excluded and 48 patients were classified as positive (n = 22) or negative (n = 26). Positive group had larger core volume (116 ml versus 37 ml), and no significant differences in penumbral volumes or outcomes. Prominent HVS in later time was associated with small core volume, persistent penumbra volume and favorable outcomes.