Gastrointestinal and liver side effects of drugs in elderly patients

It is expected that the percentage of people >60 years of age will be 22% worldwide by the year 2050. Multi-morbidity and poly-pharmacy are common in individuals during old age, while adverse drug reactions are at least twice as common in the elderly compared to younger adults. Publications relat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical gastroenterology 2010-04, Vol.24 (2), p.203-215
Main Authors: Triantafyllou, Konstantinos, MD, PhD, Vlachogiannakos, Jiannis, MD, PhD, Ladas, Spiros D., MD, PhD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid
Cancer
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury - etiology
Drug therapy
Drug-induced constipation
Drug-induced diarrhoea
Drug-induced gastrointestinal lesions
Drug-induced liver injury
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
Elderly
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Gastrointestinal Diseases - chemically induced
Gastrointestinal Tract - drug effects
Hepatotoxicity
Humans
Isoniazid
Liver
Liver - drug effects
Mortality
Older people
Pill oesophagitis
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
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Summary:It is expected that the percentage of people >60 years of age will be 22% worldwide by the year 2050. Multi-morbidity and poly-pharmacy are common in individuals during old age, while adverse drug reactions are at least twice as common in the elderly compared to younger adults. Publications related to drug side effects are rather rare in this age group since most clinical trials exclude patients >75–80 years of age. Gastrointestinal adverse drug reactions studied in the elderly include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and anticoagulant-induced gastrointestinal tract mucosal injuries. Malabsorption, diarrhoea and constipation are common side effects of laxatives, antibiotics, anticholinergics and calcium channel blockers. Drug (amoxycilin/clavulanic acid, isoniazide, nitrofurantoin, diclifenac and methotrexate)-induced hepatotoxicity in the elderly is four times more common than in younger adults and may simulate almost all known liver disorders. Further clinical studies are needed to investigate gastrointestinal and hepatic side effects of drugs in elderly patients.
ISSN:1521-6918
1532-1916
DOI:10.1016/j.bpg.2010.02.004