BOTULISM IN THE UNITED STATES, 1899–1969

Gangarosa, EL J. (CDC, Atlanta, Ga. 30333), J. A. Donadio, R.W. Armstrong, K. F. Meyer, P. S. Brachman and V. R. Dowell. Botulism in the United States, 1899–1969. Amer J Epidem 93: 93–101, 1971.—Although a rare disease, botulism remains a threat in the United States. In 1899–1969, 659 outbreaks comp...

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Published in:American journal of epidemiology 1971-02, Vol.93 (2), p.93-101
Main Authors: GANGAROSA, EUGENE J., DONADIO, JOSEPH A., ARMSTRONG, ROBERT W., MEYER, K. F., BRACHMAN, PHILIP S., DOWELL, V. R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Age Factors
botulism
Botulism - epidemiology
Botulism - etiology
Botulism - mortality
Child
Clostridium botulinum
Disease Outbreaks
food contamination
Humans
outbreaks
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Summary:Gangarosa, EL J. (CDC, Atlanta, Ga. 30333), J. A. Donadio, R.W. Armstrong, K. F. Meyer, P. S. Brachman and V. R. Dowell. Botulism in the United States, 1899–1969. Amer J Epidem 93: 93–101, 1971.—Although a rare disease, botulism remains a threat in the United States. In 1899–1969, 659 outbreaks comprising 1, 696 cases with 959 fatalities were recorded. Three toxin types, A, B, and E, were important in these outbreaks. Most of the type A outbreaks occurred west of the Mississippi River, while most of the type B outbreaks occurred in the east. Most of the type E were distributed around the Great Lakes and in Alaska. In 89% of the outbreaks in which the vehicle of transmission was identified, home-preserved foods were responsible. Nearly 60% of the outbreaks were related to ingestion of contaminated vegetables, 25% to preserved fruit and fish products, and the rest to various causes. Since 1940, the overall incidence and case fatality ratio have decreased.
ISSN:0002-9262
1476-6256
DOI:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121239