Effects of the temperature lowered in the daytime and night-time on sugar accumulation in sugarcane [Saccharum officinarum]

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a major crop grown for sucrose production. In Japan, its sucrose concentration is highest in winter. We examined the effects of the temperature lowered in the daytime and nighttime (LDT and LNT, respectively) on sugar assimilation. Since photosynthetic and respiration r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant production science 2009, Vol.12 (4), p.420-427
Main Authors: Uehara, N.(Tokyo Univ. (Japan)), Sasaki, H, Aoki, N, Ohsugi, R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
13C
Acclimatization
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Biological and medical sciences
CANA DE AZUCAR
CANNE A SUCRE
ENTRE NOEUD
FOTOSINTESIS
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General agronomy. Plant production
Internode
INTERNODES
INTERNODIOS
Low temperature
PHOTOSYNTHESE
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
RESPIRACION
RESPIRATION
SACCHAROSE
SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM
Stems
SUCROSA
SUCROSE
Sugar
SUGARCANE
TEMPERATURA
TEMPERATURE
TRANSLOCATION
TRASLOCACION
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Summary:Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a major crop grown for sucrose production. In Japan, its sucrose concentration is highest in winter. We examined the effects of the temperature lowered in the daytime and nighttime (LDT and LNT, respectively) on sugar assimilation. Since photosynthetic and respiration rates change with temperature, we assumed that plants under LNT (LNT plants) would have low respiration rates and thus high sugar yields, whereas those under LDT (LDT plants) would have low rates of photosynthesis and thus low sugar yields. However, because of their acclimatization to the reduced temperatures, LNT and LDT plants had sugar yields that were similar, or superior, to those of control plants. Sugar yield depends on biomass and sugar concentration; the stems of LNT and LDT plants did not grow as tall as those of the controls, but the sucrose concentrations in their stems were higher than in the controls. sup(13)C analysis revealed no difference in the partitioning of photosynthates to the soluble sugar fraction between control plants and those treated with low temperature. Control plants had higher glucose concentrations in the stem than treated plants, in which new photosynthates appeared to be partitioned preferentially into sucrose. Low temperature enhanced the sucrose concentration in the sugarcane stem not by improving the carbon budget, but by promoting the partitioning of carbon to stored sucrose.
ISSN:1343-943X
1349-1008
DOI:10.1626/pps.12.420