Characteristics of ammonia oxidation potentials and ammonia oxidizers in mineral soil under Salix polaris–moss vegetation in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

Although nitrification is a unique and important process in the nitrogen cycle with respect to ammonium consumption and nitrate production, limited information on this process is available for high-Arctic soils. We elucidated the ammonia oxidation potentials (AOPs) and characteristics of ammonia-oxi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Polar biology 2016-04, Vol.39 (4), p.725-741
Main Authors: Hayashi, Kentaro, Shimomura, Yumi, Morimoto, Sho, Uchida, Masaki, Nakatsubo, Takayuki, Hayatsu, Masahito
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ammonia
Ammonium
Bacteria
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Ecology
Ecosystems
Life Sciences
Microbiology
Moisture content
Mosses
Nitrification
Nitrogen cycle
Oceanography
Original Paper
Oxidation
Oxidation-reduction reaction
Plant Sciences
Soil moisture
Soil water
Taiga & tundra
Vegetation
Water content
Zoology
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Summary:Although nitrification is a unique and important process in the nitrogen cycle with respect to ammonium consumption and nitrate production, limited information on this process is available for high-Arctic soils. We elucidated the ammonia oxidation potentials (AOPs) and characteristics of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) in mineral soils under climax vegetation, i.e., Salix polaris (polar willow)–moss vegetation, on a coastal hill in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. AOPs at 10 °C were determined by incubation with sufficient substrate (2 mM ammonium). The ammonia monooxygenase subunit A ( amoA ) genes of AOB and AOA were analyzed by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing. AOPs ranged from 1.1 to 14.1 ng N g −1  dry soil h −1 —relatively low but of a similar order to the gross nitrification rates reported in another Svalbard study. AOP was positively correlated with thickness of the moss layer ( P  
ISSN:0722-4060
1432-2056
DOI:10.1007/s00300-015-1829-2