Reducing the Impact of EV Charging Operations on the Distribution Network

A key assumption made in this paper is that electric vehicle (EV) battery charging profiles are rectangular. This requires a specific and new formulation of the charging problem, involving discrete action sets for the EVs in particular. The considered cost function comprises of three components: 1)...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on smart grid 2016-11, Vol.7 (6), p.2666-2679
Main Authors: Beaude, Olivier, Lasaulce, Samson, Hennebel, Martin, Mohand-Kaci, Ibrahim
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Algorithm design and analysis
Algorithms
Battery chargers
Charging
Computer Science
Computer Science and Game Theory
Computer simulation
Cost function
distributed algorithms
Economic forecasting
Electric power
Electric vehicles
Energy loss
energy losses
energy scheduling
Engineering Sciences
EV charging
Game theory
Load modeling
Mathematics
Optimization and Control
Policies
Temperature dependence
transformer aging
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Summary:A key assumption made in this paper is that electric vehicle (EV) battery charging profiles are rectangular. This requires a specific and new formulation of the charging problem, involving discrete action sets for the EVs in particular. The considered cost function comprises of three components: 1) the distribution transformer aging; 2) the distribution energy losses; and 3) a component inherent to the EV itself (e.g., the battery charging monetary cost). Charging start times are determined by the proposed distributed algorithm, whose analysis is conducted by using game-theoretic tools such as ordinal potential games. Convergence of the proposed algorithm is shown to be guaranteed for some important special cases. Remarkably, the performance loss with respect to the centralized solution is shown to be small. Simulations, based on realistic public data, allow one to gain further insights on the issues of convergence and optimality loss, and provide clear messages about the tradeoff associated with the presence of the three components in the considered cost function. While simulations show that the proposed charging policy performs quite similarly to existing (continuous) charging policies such as valley-filling-type solutions when the non-EV demand forecast is perfect, they reveal an additional asset of rectangular profiles in presence of forecasting errors.
ISSN:1949-3053
1949-3061
DOI:10.1109/TSG.2015.2489564