Development of a Navigation Tool for Revision Total Hip Surgery Based on Electrical Impedance Tomography

An aging population has led to a dramatic rise in total hip replacements (THRs) and revision THRs. Clinically, revision THR is more difficult to perform and is associated with a higher risk than the primary one. To reduce the risk and to enhance the operation efficiency, a new approach based on elec...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measurement 2016-12, Vol.65 (12), p.2748-2757
Main Authors: Zhen Ren, Yang, Wuqiang Q.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3-D imaging
Aluminum
Biomedical materials
Bones
Capacitance
cemented femoral bone
Cross-sections
Diameters
Drilling
Electrical capacitance tomography
electrical capacitance tomography (ECT)
Electrical impedance
Electrical resistance tomography
electrical resistance tomography (ERT)
Femur
Hip
Linear functions
Orthopaedic implants
Prosthetics
revision total hip replacement (THR)
Revisions
Saline solutions
sensor
Sensors
Surgery
Three dimensional imaging
Three-dimensional displays
Tomography
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Summary:An aging population has led to a dramatic rise in total hip replacements (THRs) and revision THRs. Clinically, revision THR is more difficult to perform and is associated with a higher risk than the primary one. To reduce the risk and to enhance the operation efficiency, a new approach based on electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) and electrical resistance tomography (ERT) is proposed to provide real-time 3-D images, aiming to navigate a drilling/milling tool in the femur during surgery. An ECT/ERT dual modality sensor adopts the conventional ECT sensor design with internal electrodes and voltage excitation. The capacitance and conductance are measured by an impedance analyzer-based system. With prior knowledge of the shape and diameter of the femur and the drilling/milling tool, 3-D imaging of the revision THR surgery can be realized by estimating the cross-sectional position of the femur and the cross-sectional and axial positions of the drilling/milling head. Experiments were carried out with an aluminum rod inserted in the empty cavity of a cemented femoral bone surrounded by saline solution. The position of the femur is derived by a weighted mean method, and the axial position of the rod is estimated by a linear function. Initial 3-D images for visualizing the revision THR process is generated in MATLAB, confirming the feasibility of visualizing the surgery process by this proposed approach.
ISSN:0018-9456
1557-9662
DOI:10.1109/TIM.2016.2608098