Hydrothermal Synthesis of SnO^sub 2^ Embedded MoO^sub 3-x^ Nanocomposites and Their Synergistic Effects on Lithium Storage

We demonstrate a facile hydrothermal synthesis of SnO2/MoO3-x nanocomposites with ultrafine SnO2 crystallites uniformly embedded into an amorphous MoO3-x matrix, which demonstrate superior electrochemical performance as anodes for lithium ion batteries, including long-term cycling stability (953 mAh...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Electrochimica acta 2016-10, Vol.216, p.79
Main Authors: Cao, Daxian, Wang, Hongkang, Li, Beibei, Li, Chao, Xie, Sanmu, Rogach, Andrey L, Niu, Chunming
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Battery cycles
Crystal defects
Crystallites
Dealloying
Electrochemical analysis
Lithium
Lithium-ion batteries
Nanocomposites
Nanocrystals
Surface defects
Synthesis
Tin base alloys
Tin dioxide
X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
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Summary:We demonstrate a facile hydrothermal synthesis of SnO2/MoO3-x nanocomposites with ultrafine SnO2 crystallites uniformly embedded into an amorphous MoO3-x matrix, which demonstrate superior electrochemical performance as anodes for lithium ion batteries, including long-term cycling stability (953 mAh/g after 100 cycles at 200 mA/g), high rate capability (668.0 mAh/g after 1000 cycles at 1000 mA/g) and high initial Coulombic efficiency (813% at 200 mA/g). Synergistic effects of the both components SnO2 and MoO3-x on the lithium storage are revealed by electrochemical characterization and supported by TEM and XPS analysis performed at the different discharge/charge states of the respective electrodes. SnO2 nanocrystallites confined within the amorphous MoO3-x matrix efficiently buffer the volume changes of Li-Sn alloying-dealloying upon cycling, while the metallic Mo in situ generated by a conversion reaction of MoO3-x promotes the reversible reaction SnO2 + Li+ ↔ Sn + Li2O. In addition, the amorphous MoO3-x with bulk or surface defects allows for a better lithium insertion and thus enhanced capacity.
ISSN:0013-4686
1873-3859