Failed Citizenship and Transformative Civic Education

Global migration, the quest by diverse groups for equality, and the rise of populist nationalism have complicated the development of citizenship and citizenship education in nations around the world. Many racial, ethnic, cultural, linguistic, and religious groups are denied structural inclusion into...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Educational researcher 2017-10, Vol.46 (7), p.366-377
Main Author: Banks, James A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Citizen Participation
Citizenship
Citizenship Education
Civics
Classification
Cultural groups
Cultural identity
Culturally Relevant Education
Disadvantaged
Education
Equal Education
Equality
Ethnic Studies
Immigrants
Marginality
Migration
Minority Groups
Multicultural Education
Multiculturalism & pluralism
Nation states
National identity
Nationalism
Politics
Populism
School Role
Schools
Social Studies
Socialization
Teaching Methods
Transformative Learning
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Summary:Global migration, the quest by diverse groups for equality, and the rise of populist nationalism have complicated the development of citizenship and citizenship education in nations around the world. Many racial, ethnic, cultural, linguistic, and religious groups are denied structural inclusion into their nation-state. Consequently, they do not fully internalize the values and symbols of the nation-state, develop a strong identity with it, or acquire political efficacy. They focus primarily on particularistic group needs and goals rather than the overarching goals of the nation-state. I conceptualize this process as failed citizenship and present a typology that details failed, recognized, participatory, and transformative citizenship. I describe the role of the schools in reducing failed citizenship and helping marginalized groups become efficacious and participatory citizens in multicultural nation-states.
ISSN:0013-189X
1935-102X
DOI:10.3102/0013189X17726741