Magnetic stem cell targeting to the inner ear

•First study to magnetically target stem cells to the inner ear using nanoparticles and a magnetized cochlear implant.•Structural and functional improvement in maintenance of spiral ganglion neuron survival is demonstrated.•Potential value in improving cochlea implant function and hearing recovery....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials 2017-12, Vol.443, p.385-396
Main Authors: Le, T.N., Straatman, L., Yanai, A., Rahmanian, R., Garnis, C., Häfeli, U.O., Poblete, T., Westerberg, B.D., Gregory-Evans, K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Brain
Cochlea
Cochlear implants
Deafness
Ear
Epithelium
Ferrous alloys
Fiscal years
Hearing loss
Implantation
Magnetic targeting
Neurons
Rats
Stem cells
Survival
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Summary:•First study to magnetically target stem cells to the inner ear using nanoparticles and a magnetized cochlear implant.•Structural and functional improvement in maintenance of spiral ganglion neuron survival is demonstrated.•Potential value in improving cochlea implant function and hearing recovery. Severe sensorineural deafness is often accompanied by a loss of auditory neurons in addition to injury of the cochlear epithelium and hair cell loss. Cochlear implant function however depends on a healthy complement of neurons and their preservation is vital in achieving optimal results. We have developed a technique to target mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to a deafened rat cochlea. We then assessed the neuroprotective effect of systematically delivered MSCs on the survival and function of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). MSCs were labeled with superparamagnetic nanoparticles, injected via the systemic circulation, and targeted using a magnetized cochlea implant and external magnet. Neurotrophic factor concentrations, survival of SGNs, and auditory function were assessed at 1week and 4weeks after treatments and compared against multiple control groups. Significant numbers of magnetically targeted MSCs (>30MSCs/section) were present in the cochlea with accompanied elevation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor levels (p
ISSN:0304-8853
1873-4766
DOI:10.1016/j.jmmm.2017.07.033