Optimization of pulsed laser welding process parameters in order to attain minimum underfill and undercut defects in thin 316L stainless steel foils

•The quadratic model establishes a precise relationship between parameters and defects.•The underfill increased with the increased power and reduced frequency.•With increased pulse-duration, the underfill first increased and then decreased.•The undercut increased with the increased power, pulse-dura...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Optics and laser technology 2018-02, Vol.99, p.30-38
Main Authors: Pakmanesh, M.R., Shamanian, M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AISI 316L
Austenitic stainless steels
Bipolar plate
Fuel cell
Fuel cells
Laser beam welding
Lasers
Metal foils
Optimization
Order parameters
Process parameters
Pulsed laser welding
Response surface methodology
Semiconductor lasers
Stainless steel
Undercut
Underfill
Weld defects
Welding
Welding parameters
YAG lasers
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Summary:•The quadratic model establishes a precise relationship between parameters and defects.•The underfill increased with the increased power and reduced frequency.•With increased pulse-duration, the underfill first increased and then decreased.•The undercut increased with the increased power, pulse-duration, and frequency. In this study, the optimization of pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding parameters was done on the lap-joint of a 316L stainless steel foil with the aim of reducing weld defects through response surface methodology. For this purpose, the effects of peak power, pulse-duration, and frequency were investigated. The most important weld defects seen in this method include underfill and undercut. By presenting a second-order polynomial, the above-mentioned statistical method was managed to be well employed to balance the welding parameters. The results showed that underfill increased with the increased power and reduced frequency, it first increased and then decreased with the increased pulse-duration; and the most important parameter affecting it was the power, whose effect was 65%. The undercut increased with the increased power, pulse-duration, and frequency; and the most important parameter affecting it was the power, whose effect was 64%. Finally, by superimposing different responses, improved conditions were presented to attain a weld with no defects.
ISSN:0030-3992
1879-2545
DOI:10.1016/j.optlastec.2017.09.047