Quasi-superradiant soliton state of matter in quantum metamaterials

Strong interaction of a system of quantum emitters (e.g., two-level atoms) with electromagnetic field induces specific correlations in the system accompanied by a drastic increase of emitted radiation (superradiation or superfluorescence). Despite the fact that since its prediction this phenomenon w...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The European physical journal. B, Condensed matter physics Condensed matter physics, 2018-02, Vol.91 (2), p.1-6, Article 30
Main Authors: Asai, Hidehiro, Kawabata, Shiro, Savel’ev, Sergey E., Zagoskin, Alexandre M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Complex Systems
Condensed Matter Physics
Electromagnetic fields
Electromagnetism
Emitters
Fluid- and Aerodynamics
Matter & antimatter
Metamaterials
Phase transitions
Physics
Physics and Astronomy
Power lines
Quantum dots
Qubits (quantum computing)
Regular Article
Solid State Physics
Solitary waves
Strong interactions (field theory)
Superfluorescence
Switches
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Summary:Strong interaction of a system of quantum emitters (e.g., two-level atoms) with electromagnetic field induces specific correlations in the system accompanied by a drastic increase of emitted radiation (superradiation or superfluorescence). Despite the fact that since its prediction this phenomenon was subject to a vigorous experimental and theoretical research, there remain open question, in particular, concerning the possibility of a first order phase transition to the superradiant state from the vacuum state. In systems of natural and charge-based artificial atom this transition is prohibited by “no-go” theorems. Here we demonstrate numerically and confirm analytically a similar transition in a one-dimensional quantum metamaterial – a chain of artificial atoms (qubits) strongly interacting with classical electromagnetic fields in a transmission line. The system switches from vacuum state to the quasi-superradiant (QS) phase with one or several magnetic solitons and finite average occupation of qubit excited states along the transmission line. A quantum metamaterial in the QS phase circumvents the “no-go” restrictions by considerably decreasing its total energy relative to the vacuum state by exciting nonlinear electromagnetic solitons.
ISSN:1434-6028
1434-6036
DOI:10.1140/epjb/e2017-80567-7