Phloem transport of assimilates in relation to flowering time and senescence in barley grown with different availabilities of nitrogen and phosphorus

Understanding the way in which N and P availability affects the transport of sugar and amino acids is crucial to improve grain quality and yield. Thus, in the present study, two greenhouse and field experiments were conducted with barley plants grown with different N and P availabilities to assess t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archiv für Acker- und Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde 2018-03, Vol.64 (4), p.492-504
Main Authors: Criado, Maria V., Roberts, Irma N., Veliz, Cintia G., Echeverria, Mariela, Gutierrez Boem, Flavio H., Caputo, Carla
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acids
Barley
Crop yield
Field tests
Flowering
Flowering time
Gene expression
Glutamate-ammonia ligase
Glutamine
Grain
grain quality
grain yield
Hordeum vulgare L
Isoforms
Nitrogen
Phloem
phloem transport
Phosphorus
Plants (botany)
Proteins
Senescence
Sugar
Transport
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Summary:Understanding the way in which N and P availability affects the transport of sugar and amino acids is crucial to improve grain quality and yield. Thus, in the present study, two greenhouse and field experiments were conducted with barley plants grown with different N and P availabilities to assess the dynamics of the phloem transport of assimilates in relation to the beginning of flowering and senescence. The phloem transport of assimilates decreased before the beginning of protein degradation in all treatments, but the onset of flowering and senescence varied according to the N and P availability, as evidenced by the concentrations of proteins, amino acids, and sugar and the gene expression of senescence-related proteases and all glutamine synthetase isoforms. In N-deficient plants, the phloem transport decreased before flowering, but only when P was not limiting; in N- and P-sufficient plants it decreased at flowering; and in P-deficient plants it decreased after flowering. Therefore, only N-deficient but P-sufficient plants have a post-anthesis period with high export rate of assimilates. This alteration of phenology in relation to phloem leads to important consequences in assimilate utilization, as shown by the higher yield and N content of the former compared to P-deficient plants.
ISSN:0365-0340
1476-3567
DOI:10.1080/03650340.2017.1367093