Antarctic bioprospecting: in pursuit of microorganisms producing new antimicrobials and enzymes

Intensive efforts are being made to find new compounds with antimicrobial activity. The search for these novel bio-products in sparsely explored environments may be the key to providing solutions for many emerging problems. Antarctic environments are valuable locations for bioprospecting. In this st...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Polar biology 2018-07, Vol.41 (7), p.1417-1433
Main Authors: Danilovich, Mariana Elizabeth, Sánchez, Leandro Arturo, Acosta, Federico, Delgado, Osvaldo Daniel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anti-infective agents
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Antimicrobial activity
Antimicrobial agents
Bacteria
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Bioprospecting
Biotechnology
Chemical analysis
Deception
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Ecology
Enzymes
Food chains
Food industry
Food processing industry
Life Sciences
Methicillin
Microbiological strains
Microbiology
Microorganisms
Molecular weight
Nucleotide sequence
Oceanography
Original Paper
PCR
Plant Sciences
Ribosomal DNA
rRNA 16S
Sea-water
Seawater
Sequencing
Solutions
Spacer region
Stability
Strains (organisms)
Two dimensional analysis
Water analysis
Zoology
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Summary:Intensive efforts are being made to find new compounds with antimicrobial activity. The search for these novel bio-products in sparsely explored environments may be the key to providing solutions for many emerging problems. Antarctic environments are valuable locations for bioprospecting. In this study, 63 cold-adapted bacterial strains of 6100 different colony morphotypes were isolated from Antarctic seawater samples around South Shetland and Deception islands. Strains were selected based on cold-active antimicrobial production and were grouped into 11 operational taxonomic units by internal spacer region-PCR and amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis. Isolates arbitrarily named 2D, 5D, and 6D were closely related to Halomonas titanicae , with 99.8, 98.9, and 96.7% identity according to 16S rDNA sequencing, and 99.7, 99.3, and 98.3% according to gyrB region sequence analysis, respectively. The isolate 18SH was closely related to Candida sake (99.2%) based on sequence analysis of the ITS1–5.8S rDNA–ITS2 and D1/D2 domain of 26S rDNA. Antimicrobials produced by isolates 2D, 5D, and 6D exhibited a low-molecular weight (
ISSN:0722-4060
1432-2056
DOI:10.1007/s00300-018-2295-4