Review of the Chromis xanthura species group (Perciformes: Pomacentridae), with description of a new species

A taxonomic review of the Chromis xanthura species group, defined here as having 13 dorsal-fin spines, three upper and three lower procurrent caudal-fin rays, two black bands at the preopercular and opercular margins, and a yellow caudal fin when juvenile, resulted in the recognition of three specie...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ichthyological research 2018-04, Vol.65 (2), p.177-191
Main Authors: Motomura, Hiroyuki, Nishiyama, Hajime, Chiba, Satoru N.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal behavior
Animal morphology
Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biometry
Chromis
Chromis xanthura
Colour
Ecology
Fin ray counts
Fins
Fish
Freshwater & Marine Ecology
Juveniles
Length
Life Sciences
Marine fishes
Meristic counts
New species
Oceanic islands
Sibling species
Zoology
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Summary:A taxonomic review of the Chromis xanthura species group, defined here as having 13 dorsal-fin spines, three upper and three lower procurrent caudal-fin rays, two black bands at the preopercular and opercular margins, and a yellow caudal fin when juvenile, resulted in the recognition of three species, Chromis xanthura (Bleeker 1854 ), Chromis opercularis (Günther 1867), and Chromis anadema sp. nov. Chromis xanthura and C. opercularis , the Pacific and Indian Ocean paired sister species, respectively, are redescribed, with confirmation of two color types of C. xanthura (having a white or black caudal peduncle and fin) as a single species on the basis of morphological and molecular analyses. Chromis anadema sp. nov., described from the oceanic islands of the Pacific Ocean on the basis of 21 specimens, is characterized by having 28–33 gill rakers; longest dorsal-fin soft ray length 20.0–24.7% of standard length (SL); first anal-fin spine length 5.0–6.1% of SL; caudal-fin length 33.4–43.8% of SL; posterior tips of caudal-fin lobes not filamentous in adults; broad black bands along preopercular and opercular margins, sum width of two bands 28.9–38.7% of head length; distal half of soft-rayed portion of dorsal fin transparent in adults; triangular black blotches at upper and lower caudal-fin base in adults; caudal peduncle and fin bluish black in adults; and body grayish, and all fins (except for pectoral fin) bright yellow in juveniles.
ISSN:1341-8998
1616-3915
DOI:10.1007/s10228-017-0601-8