Large Eddy Simulation of urban boundary layer flows using a canopy stress method

Large-eddy simulation (LES) of a turbulent flow through an array of building-like obstacles is an idealized model to study transport of contaminants in the urban atmospheric boundary layer (UABL). A reasonably accurate LES prediction of turbulence in such an UABL must resolve a significant proportio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:arXiv.org 2017-11
Main Authors: Alam, Jahrul M, Fitzpatrick, Luke P J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atmospheric boundary layer
Canopies
Computational fluid dynamics
Computer simulation
Contaminants
Eddy viscosity
Energy dissipation
Finite element method
Fluid flow
Large eddy simulation
Mathematical analysis
Mathematical models
Predictions
Roughness
Simulation
Strain
Tensors
Turbulence
Turbulent flow
Velocity distribution
Velocity gradient
Viscosity
Vortices
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Summary:Large-eddy simulation (LES) of a turbulent flow through an array of building-like obstacles is an idealized model to study transport of contaminants in the urban atmospheric boundary layer (UABL). A reasonably accurate LES prediction of turbulence in such an UABL must resolve a significant proportion of the small but energetic eddies in the roughness sublayer, which remains prohibitive even though computational power has been increased significantly. In this article, we present a large-eddy simulation methodology to study turbulence in UABLs, where the turbulence closure is based on coupling the eddy viscosity method with the canopy stress method. Unlike the classical Smagorinsky model that considers only the strain portion of the velocity gradient tensor, we consider both the strain tensor and the rotation tensor to compute the eddy viscosity. This allows us to dynamically adapt the rate of energy dissipation to the scales of the energetic eddies in the roughness sublayer. Without employing a mesh conforming to the urban roughness elements, the effect of such solid bodies are represented in the LES model through a canopy stress method in which the loss of pressure and the sink of momentum due to the interaction between eddies and roughness elements are parameterized using the instantaneous velocity field. Simulation results of the proposed canopy stress method is compared with that of a conventional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method employing a block-structured mesh conforming around the roughness elements. For urban flow simulations, the results demonstrate that the proposed canopy stress model is accurate in predicting vertical profiles of mean and variance, as well as the temporal intermittency of coherent structures.
ISSN:2331-8422