Tungsten monoblock concepts for the Fusion Nuclear Science Facility (FNSF) first wall and divertor

•He-cooled monoblock provides high performance solutions for first wall and divertor.•A slotted “microchannel” geometry provides additional heat flux handling capability.•Helium-cooled steel can remove up to 5MW/m2 of steady-state surface heat flux.•Helium-cooled SiC/SiC can remove nearly 10MW/m2 of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Fusion engineering and design 2018-10, Vol.135, p.346-355
Main Authors: Huang, Y., Tillack, M.S., Ghoniem, N.M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Armor
Containment
Coolants
Divertor concept
Ferritic stainless steels
FNSF
Fusion
Heat flux
Heat sinks
Heat transfer
Helium
High temperature physics
Martensitic stainless steels
Neutron flux
Neutrons
Nuclear devices
Nuclear engineering
Nuclear fusion
Nuclear safety
Operating temperature
Steel
Thermal cycling
Thermo-mechanical
Tungsten
Tungsten monoblock
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Summary:•He-cooled monoblock provides high performance solutions for first wall and divertor.•A slotted “microchannel” geometry provides additional heat flux handling capability.•Helium-cooled steel can remove up to 5MW/m2 of steady-state surface heat flux.•Helium-cooled SiC/SiC can remove nearly 10MW/m2 of steady-state surface heat flux. Next-step fusion nuclear devices require plasma-facing components that can survive a much higher neutron dose than ITER, and in many design concepts also require higher operating temperatures, higher reliability, and materials with more attractive safety and environmental characteristics. In search of first wall concepts that can withstand surface heat fluxes beyond 2MW/m2, we analyzed advanced “monoblock” designs using coolants and materials that offer more attractive long-term performance. These use tungsten armor and heat sinks, similar to previous designs, but replace the coolant with helium and the coolant containment pipe with either low-activation ferritic-martensitic steel or SiC/SiC composite. The results of analysis show that helium-cooled steel can remove up to 5MW/m2 of steady-state surface heat flux and helium-cooled SiC/SiC can remove nearly 10MW/m2 while satisfying all materials and design requirements. This suggests that a He-cooled W/SiC monoblock could withstand divertor-like heat fluxes.
ISSN:0920-3796
1873-7196
DOI:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.06.026