Nonisothermal crystallization kinetic studies on melt processed poly(ethylene terephthalate)/polylactic acid blends containing graphene oxide and exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets

ABSTRACT Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/polylactic acid (PET/PLA) (90/10 and 75/25 wt %/wt %) blend prepared by a melt mixing process in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) and exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (xGnP) were investigated. The transmission electr...

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Published in:Journal of applied polymer science 2019-06, Vol.136 (23), p.n/a
Main Authors: Jafari, Seyed Mohammad Ali, Khajavi, Ramin, Goodarzi, Vahabodin, Kalaee, Mohammad R., Khonakdar, Hossein A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activation energy
Cooling rate
Crystal structure
Crystallinity
Crystallization
crystallization kinetics
Degree of crystallinity
DSC
Electron microscopes
Ethylene
exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (xGnP)
Fillers
Folding
Free energy
Graphene
graphene oxide
Graphite
Kinetics
Lamella
Materials science
Mixtures
Morphology
nanocomposite
Nanocomposites
PET
PLA
Polyethylene terephthalate
Polylactic acid
Polymers
X-ray diffraction
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Summary:ABSTRACT Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/polylactic acid (PET/PLA) (90/10 and 75/25 wt %/wt %) blend prepared by a melt mixing process in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) and exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (xGnP) were investigated. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) results revealed that both the GO and xGnP were not inclined to the PLA phase, and the distribution of GO in the blend matrix was better than that of xGnP. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) results demonstrated that both the fillers showed compatibilizing effect and refined the morphology of PLA dispersed phase. The crystallinity and crystallization behavior of samples were studied by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and multiple cooling rate Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The results showed that the degree of crystallinity and crystallization rate of PET was reduced by blending with PLA. Inclusion of the fillers to the blend further reduced the crystallinity while the crystallization rate was increased. Analysis based on Hoffman‐Lauritzen theory revealed that, compared to xGnP, the GO as a better nucleating agent could more effectively reduce lamella thickness and surface folding free energy of the nanocomposites. Crystallization kinetic studies by Jeziorny model revealed two levels of primary and secondary crystallization mechanisms for all samples. Moreover, activation energy of crystallization of the GO‐containing nanocomposites was lower than that of xGnP‐based systems. All the theoretical treatment and experimental results confirm that, compared to xGnP, the GO is more suitable filler and has stronger effect on enhancing the crystallization kinetic of the PET/PLA blends. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47569. HIGHLIGHTS Studied crystallization kinetics of PET/PLA blend containing xGnP and GO nanoplatelets Compared the role of xGnP and GO in crystallization kinetics of the system Analyzed the crystallization kinetics of the system by various models Determined the surface folding free energy of the developed systems GO‐based systems exhibited lower crystallization activation energy than that of the xGnP‐based systems
ISSN:0021-8995
1097-4628
DOI:10.1002/app.47569