Exploratory Study of the Application of Smoke Aerosols to Manure-Based Composting Materials To Reduce Prevalence of Salmonella

During the early stages of aerobic composting, heat is generated and when the materials are self-insulating, extended exposure of pathogens to this heat source will lead to significant reduction, if not elimination, of the pathogens. However, when insufficient heat is applied to the composting mater...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of food protection 2019-05, Vol.82 (5), p.804-809
Main Authors: Erickson, Marilyn C, Liao, Jye-Yin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerosols
Agricultural wastes
Anaerobic conditions
Animal wastes
Antimicrobial agents
Cattle manure
Cocoa
Composting
Composts
Containers
Contamination
Culture
Exposure
Food
Food contamination
Food safety
Food waste
Headspace
Heat
Hulls
Hydrocarbons
Laboratories
Listeria
Manures
Microorganisms
Modernization
Pathogens
Peanuts
Physical properties
Pine needles
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Process parameters
Rice
Rice hulls
Salmonella
Seeds
Smoke
Waste materials
Wood
Wood chips
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Summary:During the early stages of aerobic composting, heat is generated and when the materials are self-insulating, extended exposure of pathogens to this heat source will lead to significant reduction, if not elimination, of the pathogens. However, when insufficient heat is applied to the composting materials, pathogens may survive. Under those conditions if the compost had contained material of animal origin or food waste, it would be considered untreated and would not be allowed in fields growing crops that may be consumed raw. However, alternative treatment processes are allowed, provided they are validated to meet the microbial standards stipulated in the Produce Safety final rule of the Food Safety Modernization Act and that the physical parameters of the process are documented to ensure that the conditions under which the process was validated have been met. Hence, this exploratory study was undertaken in a laboratory setting to determine the potential for application of aerosolized smoke to inactivate Salmonella in manure-based compost. Smoke generated from wood chips (oak or pecan) and introduced to the headspace of contaminated cow manure compost (
ISSN:0362-028X
1944-9097
DOI:10.4315/0362-028XJFP-18-327