Alginate-graphene oxide hydrogels with enhanced ionic tunability and chemomechanical stability for light-directed 3D printing

Nanocomposite hydrogels that incorporate 2D carbon nanomaterials could enable augmented and responsive behaviors not observed with polymeric matrices alone. In particular, non-covalent interactions could facilitate enhanced mechanical performance that can be self-recovered with external stimuli. Her...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Carbon (New York) 2019-03, Vol.143, p.447-456
Main Authors: Valentin, Thomas M., Landauer, Alexander K., Morales, Luke C., DuBois, Eric M., Shukla, Shashank, Liu, Muchun, Stephens Valentin, Lauren H., Franck, Christian, Chen, Po-Yen, Wong, Ian Y.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3-D printers
Alginates
Chelation
Covalence
Crosslinking
Crosslinking polymerization
Deformation mechanisms
Fracture toughness
Graphene
Graphite
Hydrogels
Hydrogen bonding
Ion concentration
Marine environment
Mechanical properties
Nanocomposites
Nanomaterials
Saline solutions
Shear modulus
Three dimensional printing
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Summary:Nanocomposite hydrogels that incorporate 2D carbon nanomaterials could enable augmented and responsive behaviors not observed with polymeric matrices alone. In particular, non-covalent interactions could facilitate enhanced mechanical performance that can be self-recovered with external stimuli. Here, we demonstrate alginate-graphene oxide (GO) hydrogels using a non-covalent, ionic crosslinking mechanism compatible with light-directed 3D printing. We show that alginate-GO hydrogels exhibit improved mechanical performance in shear, compression, and tension, including a two-fold increase in shear modulus, a three-fold decrease in inelastic deformation, and a nine-fold increase in fracture energy relative to alginate-only hydrogels. Moreover, alginate-GO hydrogels are stabilized by hydrogen bonding between nanosheets and remain intact after removal of ionic crosslinkers by chelation. As a consequence, the shear modulus of these nanocomposite hydrogels can be tuned by over 500-fold via external ion concentration. We demonstrate that alginate-GO can be stereolithographically printed into robust, freestanding and overhanging 3D structures. These designer material architectures exhibit outstanding stability and superoleophobicity in high salt solution, which can be used to repel and manipulate a variety of oils. Overall, such nanocomposite hydrogels with engineered non-covalent interactions could enable “smart” multiresponsive and multifunctional devices for aqueous and marine environments. [Display omitted]
ISSN:0008-6223
1873-3891
DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2018.11.006