P562 Nocturnal enuresis in children: medical comorbidities

• Published in: Archives of disease in childhood 2019-06, Vol.104 (Suppl 3), p.A378
• Main Authors: Ferrara, Pietro, Autuori, Roberta, Lucia, Alessandro Di, Dosa, Flavia, Franceschini, Giulia, Saitta, Diletta, Pulcino, Michela, Ruscio, Federica Di, Zona, Margherita, Grasso, Daniela, Giordano, Rossella, Pettoello-Mantovani, Massimo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Academic Achievement; Age; Apnea; Behavior Patterns; Children; Children & youth; Childrens health; Comorbidity; Congenital defects; Constipation; Enuresis; Families & family life; Family (Sociological Unit); Females; Genetics; Headache; Heredity; Males; Maternal inheritance; Medical Evaluation; Medical prognosis; Neural tube defects; Outcome Measures; Patients; Pediatrics; Physical Examinations; Sleep; Sleep apnea; Sleep disorders; Spinal cord
• ISSN: 0003-9888; 1468-2044
• DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2019-epa.896

ObjectiveTo evaluate the characteristics of patients with NE.DesignIt is a cross-sectional study.SettingDuring the physical examination, we sought signs and symptoms of voiding disorders and comorbidities with precise questions posed to the patients and their parents. Further, we assessed family history and behavioral characteristics of patients. Analyses were conducted using the Microsoft Excel 2016 program. We used descriptive statistics to describe patients’ information.PatientsWe recruited 403 children with Noctunal Enuresis (NE) at the Services of Pediatrics, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital of Rome between June 2013 and July 2018. We rejected 2 children respectively with a renal agenesis and a chromosomopathy and we enrolled 401 patients, 101 girls (25.2%) and 300 boys (74.8%), aged 5–16 years; mean age at first visit 8.8±2.44 years. Of the 401 eligible patients, we counted 327 (81.5%) patients with monosymptomatic NE (MNE) and 74 (18.5%) patients with non-monosymptomatic MNE (N-MNE). In the group of MNE children, 242 (74%) children were boys with mean age at first examination 9.1 years and 85 (26%) were girls with mean age at first examination 7.8 years. In the group of N-MNE children, 58 (78.4%) children were boys with mean age at first examination 9 years and 16 (21.6%) were girls with mean age at first examination 8.4 years. Among the children with MNE, 322 (98.5%) had PMNE and 5 (1.5%) were diagnosed with SMNE.InterventionsNot applicableMain outcome measuresSigns and symptoms of voiding disorders, comorbidities, family history of NE, behavioral characteristics and school achievement.ResultsWe noticed that heredity, parasomnias, urogenital abnormalities, constipation and innocence heart murmur are correlated to NE. Notably, 53.6% (67/125 children) had paternal heredity, 46.4% (58/125) had maternal heredity; 11.2% (14/125) had both paternal and maternal inheritance. 12/401 (3%) had sleep apnea, 95/401 (23.7%) had somniloquy and 59/401 (14.7%) had bruxism. Children suffered from headaches were 21/401 (5.2%): 112 (27.3%) had family history of headache. 47/300 boys (15.7%) had urogenital-abnormalities: 28/47 (59.6%) children had balanopreputial adhesions. Cutaneous manifestations of spinal dysraphism such as pilonidal dimple, single and deflected intergluteal cleft or double intergluteal cleft were found in 21/401 (5.2%) patients. Encopresis was found in 12/401 (3%) children and 58/401 (14.5%) suffered from constipation. Lastly, a significant pe