Greenhouse biofumigation with Melia azedarach controls Meloidogyne spp. and enhances soil biological activity

The need for environmentally friendly agricultural practices has led to the development of plant-based nematicides for root-knot nematode control. The efficacy of these botanicals has been tested primarily under laboratory and rarely under actual field conditions. Moreover, any side effects on non-t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of pest science 2018, Vol.91 (1), p.29-40
Main Authors: Ntalli, Nikoletta, Monokrousos, Nikolaos, Rumbos, Christos, Kontea, Dorothea, Zioga, Despoina, Argyropoulou, Maria D., Menkissoglu-Spiroudi, Urania, Tsiropoulos, Nikolaos G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural practices
Agriculture
Biological activity
Biological effects
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cultivation
Ecology
Entomology
Enumeration
Farm buildings
Forestry
Fruits
Furfural
Gall
Greenhouses
Life Sciences
Melia azedarach
Meloidogyne
Microorganisms
Nematicides
Nematodes
Original Paper
Plant growth
Plant Pathology
Plant Sciences
Plants (botany)
Powder
Side effects
Soil analysis
Soil microorganisms
Soils
Tomatoes
Weight
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Summary:The need for environmentally friendly agricultural practices has led to the development of plant-based nematicides for root-knot nematode control. The efficacy of these botanicals has been tested primarily under laboratory and rarely under actual field conditions. Moreover, any side effects on non-target soil organisms that support soil biological activity are usually ignored. Herein, we evaluate the efficacy of Melia azedarach preparations against Meloidogyne spp. in a tomato greenhouse, by root gall examination and soil J2 enumeration. We also assessed side effects on soil microbes through PLFA analysis and microbivorous nematodes, and we quantified several plant growth parameters (e.g., fruit number and weight, root weight). Different treatments within the greenhouse included M. azedarach ripe fruit powder (MFP), ripe fruit water extract (MWE) and furfural, one of the principal active ingredients of M. azedarach and previously known to exhibit fumigant nematicidal activity. Results were compared to those obtained with the commercial nematicide oxamyl (Vydate ® 10 SL) and an untreated control. All treatments were repeated every 20 days throughout the cultivation period. MFP and MWE suppressed Meloidogyne spp. often at the same levels obtained by furfural and oxamyl treatments and enhanced soil biological activity, as indicated by the proliferation of soil microbes and microbial feeding nematodes. Furfural and oxamyl adversely affected the soil community, especially the free-living nematodes. Moreover, furfural was phytotoxic to tomato plants in spite of its natural origin.
ISSN:1612-4758
1612-4766
DOI:10.1007/s10340-017-0909-1