Silica nanostructured platform for affinity capture of tumor-derived exosomes

Early diagnosis of prostate cancer and evaluation of appropriate treatment options requires development of effective and high-throughput selective capture technology for exosomes that are positive for the expression of enzyme-biomarker, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Exosomes are small s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of materials science 2017-06, Vol.52 (12), p.6907-6916
Main Authors: Ziaei, Parissa, Geruntho, Jonathan J., Marin-Flores, Oscar G., Berkman, Clifford E., Grant Norton, M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigens
Biomarkers
Cancer diagnosis
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemistry and Materials Science
Classical Mechanics
Crystallography and Scattering Methods
Development and progression
Enzymes
Ligands
Materials Science
Original Paper
Polymer Sciences
Prostate cancer
Recovery
Silicon dioxide
Solid Mechanics
Technology application
Tumors
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Summary:Early diagnosis of prostate cancer and evaluation of appropriate treatment options requires development of effective and high-throughput selective capture technology for exosomes that are positive for the expression of enzyme-biomarker, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Exosomes are small secreted vesicles that play a key role in intercellular communication and cancer progression. PSMA is highly enriched in exosomes excreted by PSMA+ prostate cancer cells. Using PSMA+ cells from the well-established prostate cancer cell line (LNCaP), the secreted exosomes were collected and isolated from the culture medium. The tumor-derived exosomes were selectively captured using a novel silica nanostructure support that had been functionalized with the small-molecule ligand TG97, a known inhibitor of PSMA enzymatic activity that binds irreversibly in the active site of PSMA. The concept was demonstrated using a single cancer type (i.e., prostate cancer), but based on the data obtained the approach may be applicable to a broad panel of biomarker ligands for selective capture of biomarker-positive exosomes from an array of cell types. The approach demonstrated herein overcomes many of the limitations of alternative methods that are often ineffective in isolating tumor-derived exosomes from those derived from normal tissue because of the low yield recovery and the time required for the process. A further advantage is the ability to isolate a specific subpopulation of exosomes relying on the expression of a specific surface marker as well as improved exosome recovery rate.
ISSN:0022-2461
1573-4803
DOI:10.1007/s10853-017-0905-0