Multiscale Digital Porous Rock Reconstruction Using Template Matching

• Published in: Water resources research 2019-08, Vol.55 (8), p.6911-6922
• Main Authors: Lin, W., Li, X., Yang, Z., Manga, M., Fu, X., Xiong, S., Gong, A., Chen, G., Li, H., Pei, L., Li, S., Zhao, X., Wang, X.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algorithms; Computation; Computed tomography; Image reconstruction; Image resolution; Imaging techniques; Ion beams; Macrostructure; Medical imaging; Membrane permeability; Microstructure; Multiscale analysis; multiscale digital rock; Permeability; Porosity; Porous media; Properties; Rocks; Sandstone; Scanning electron microscopy; Sediment samples; Sedimentary rocks; Size distribution; template; Template matching; template‐matching algorithm; texture matching; Tomography; X ray microtomography
• ISSN: 0043-1397; 1944-7973
• DOI: 10.1029/2019WR025219

Rocks are heterogeneous multiscale porous media: two rock samples with identical bulk properties can vary widely in microstructure. The advent of digital rock technology and modern 3‐D printing provides new opportunities to replicate rocks. However, the inherent trade‐off between imaging resolution and sample size limits the scales over which microstructure and macrostructure can be identified and related to each other. Here, we develop a multiscale digital rock construction strategy by combining X‐ray computed microtomography and focused‐ion beam (FIB)‐scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, and we apply the technique to a tight sandstone. The computed tomography (CT) scanning images characterize macroscale pore structures, while the FIB‐SEM images capture microscale pore textures. The FIB‐SEM images are then coupled to CT images via a template‐matching algorithm and superposition. Bulk properties, including porosity and pore and throat size distribution, can be recovered with this approach. Permeability prediction with a pore network model for the largest connected pore network are 3 orders and 1 order of magnitude greater than the bulk rock measured value using the CT‐only and the SEM‐CT coupled images, respectively. Key Points High‐resolution images are used to define templates of microscopic rock textures Templates are used to locally refine the details of macroscopic structures in lower‐resolution images Multiscale reconstruction recovers the bulk density and pore and throat size distribution of natural tight sandstone samples