Analysis of the Causes of Decline in Activities of Daily Living among Inpatients: A Cohort Study that Calculated Additional Medical Coverage to Maintain or Improve Activities of Daily Living

• Published in: Rigaku ryoho kagaku 2019, Vol.34(5), pp.645-651
• Main Authors: SHINOHARA, Tomoyuki, TSUCHIDA, Naoko, YAMANE, Tatsuya, SHINDO, Kanako, OTANI, Tomohiro, ISHII, Daisuke
• Format: Article
• Language: Japanese
• Subjects: Activities of daily living; additional medical coverage to maintain or improve activities of daily living; Cohort analysis; Health risk assessment; Physical fitness; prevention
• ISSN: 1341-1667; 2434-2807
• DOI: 10.1589/rika.34.645

[Purpose] The aim was to report the activities of daily living (ADL) of inpatients hospitalized in a ward with an exclusive working physical therapist and to analyze the causes of ADL decline among the inpatients. [Participants and Methods] A total of 2460 inpatients were included in the study. Age, treatment department, length of stay, and Barthel Index (BI) at the times of admission and discharge were investigated as part of a prospective cohort study. We analyzed the causes of ADL decline by investigating inpatients' medical records as part of a retrospective cohort study. [Results] Average BI at admission was 67.0, and 84.8 at discharge. ADL decline during hospitalization was observed in 49 inpatients (2.0%). Inpatients with ADL decline had significantly higher age and longer duration of stay compared to inpatients without ADL decline. The most common causes of ADL decline were pain, new-onset cerebral stroke, low postoperative physical fitness, malignant neoplasm, and aggravation of respiration. [Conclusion] To prevent ADL decline among inpatients, it is important to assess age, pain, and low postoperative physical fitness without disease persistence.