GNSS direction of arrival tracking using the rotate-to-zero direction lock loop

Array signal processing is attractive for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) applications, as the desired reception environments for GNSS are becoming more challenging, while users’ demands for high-accuracy positioning are growing. One goal of array signal processing is to find the direction...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:GPS solutions 2020-04, Vol.24 (2), Article 39
Main Authors: Wang, Boyi, Shivaramaiah, Nagaraj Channarayapatna, Akos, Dennis M., Wei, Jiaolong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antenna arrays
Antennas
Atmospheric Sciences
Automotive Engineering
Carrier to noise ratios
Direction of arrival
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Electrical Engineering
Geophysics/Geodesy
Global navigation satellite system
Original Article
Receivers & amplifiers
Sensitivity
Signal processing
Space Exploration and Astronautics
Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics
Tracking
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Summary:Array signal processing is attractive for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) applications, as the desired reception environments for GNSS are becoming more challenging, while users’ demands for high-accuracy positioning are growing. One goal of array signal processing is to find the direction of arrival (DOA) of the signal source. Several advanced techniques have been proposed to estimate the DOA, with the direction lock loop (DiLL) being a representative method. However, applying the DiLL in GNSS receivers is not straightforward. One reason for this is the low sensitivity of the utilized spatial correlation function in the angular region close to broadside within a linear antenna array. In order to address this problem, an improved DOA tracking technique is presented building on the traditional DiLL, i.e., the rotate-to-zero direction lock loop (RZ-DiLL). Simulations and live data validations show that the proposed RZ-DiLL avoids the low sensitivity issue of the traditional DiLL. Moreover, the experimental results show that compared to a single-antenna GNSS receiver, the RZ-DiLL-implemented GNSS array signal receiver provides an improved carrier-to-noise ratio and, in turn, improved position solutions.
ISSN:1080-5370
1521-1886
DOI:10.1007/s10291-020-0952-x