Cancers in Childhood and Young Adults in Calabar, Nigeria (2009-2013)

Abstract Objectives To ascertain the impact or otherwise of the HIV/AIDS pandemic on the pattern of cancers in children and adolescents in Calabar, Nigeria, during the post-antiretroviral period, 2009 to 2013. Methods Data from the Calabar Cancer Registry for the period, 2009 to 2013, will be review...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of clinical pathology 2018-09, Vol.150 (suppl_1), p.S91-S91
Main Authors: Ekanem, Ima-Obong, Asuquo, Marcus, Odey, Friday
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Adolescents
AIDS
Antiretroviral agents
Childhood
Children
Diagnosis
Health risk assessment
HIV
Hodgkin's lymphoma
Human immunodeficiency virus
Pandemics
Teenagers
Young adults
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Summary:Abstract Objectives To ascertain the impact or otherwise of the HIV/AIDS pandemic on the pattern of cancers in children and adolescents in Calabar, Nigeria, during the post-antiretroviral period, 2009 to 2013. Methods Data from the Calabar Cancer Registry for the period, 2009 to 2013, will be reviewed and only cancers in cases aged 0 to 19 years will be analyzed, the focus being mainly on the basis of diagnosis, age, sex, tumor morphology, and topography. Results Of the 719 new cancer cases reported over the 5-year period in Calabar, Nigeria, 7.8% were aged 0 to 19 years. Majority (61%) occurred in children aged below 10 years, while the remaining affected those aged 10 to 19 years. Slightly more males (55.4%) than females (44.5%) were affected. Lymphohematological cancers were commonest (41%), with Burkitt and Hodgkin lymphoma being the majority, affecting predominantly those aged 5 years and above. The eye was the second commonest site of malignancies in children and adolescents, with more females being affected, whereas more males had renal cancers. The HIV status of these patients was not known at the time of diagnosis. Conclusion There is a striking predominance of HIV/AIDS-defining cancers of the lymphohemopoeitic system in the young children and adolescents in Calabar. Follow-up and monitoring of those receiving treatment and screening of all new cases for HIV infection will be required to determine their survival rates and compliance to the chemotherapeutic and antiretroviral drugs if HIV seropositive.
ISSN:0002-9173
1943-7722
DOI:10.1093/ajcp/aqy096.221